1.直译和意译 归化与异化 的区别

1、含义不同

(1)直译在合乎译文语言的全民规范的情况下，译文刻真求真，通过保留原作形貌（表达方式）来保持作的内容与风格。

(2)意译使用译文语言中动用与原文相同或相似的表达形式，以代替原作中因两种语言不同而无法保留的内容与形式之间的相互关系。力求做到虽失原作形貌，但从不同范围的上下文看，仍不失原作的内容而且与原作的风格相适应。

(3)归化是要把源语本土化，以目标语或译文读者为归宿，采取目标语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。

(4)归化翻译要求译者向目的语的读者靠拢，译者必须像本国作者那样说话，原作者要想和读者直接对话，译作必须变成地道的本国语言。归化翻译有助于读者更好地理解译文，增强译文的可读性和欣赏性。

(5)异化是“译者尽可能不去打扰作者，让读者向作者靠拢”。在翻译上就是迁就外来文化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源语表达方式，来传达原文的内容，即以源语文化为归宿。

(6)使用异化策略的目的在于考虑民族文化的差异性、保存和反映异域民族特征和语言风格特色，为译文读者保留异国情调。

2、应用不同。

(1)直译在翻译中应用非常广泛，尤其用于习语、俚语和谚语的翻译。

(2)在广告翻译实践中译者应根据具体的广告语言特点、广告的目的、源语和目的语语言特点、民族文化等恰当运用两种策略，已达到具体的、动态的统一。

3、价值取向不同（1）直译和意译所关注的核心问题是如何在语言层面处理形式和意义，而异化和归化则突破了语言因素的局限，将视野扩展到语言、文化和美学等因素。

(2)按韦努蒂（Venuti）的说法，归化法是“把原作者带入译入语文化”，而异化法则是“接受外语文本的语言及文化差异，把读者带入外国情景”。

(3)由此可见，直译和意译主要是局限于语言层面的价值取向，异化和归化则是立足于文化大语境下的价值取向，两者之间的差异是显而易见的，不能混为一谈。

参考资料来源：搜狗百科--归化异化

2.请问直译与意译的异同点

不管是直译还是意译，最主要的一点是你翻译的东西别人要能看得懂.所以无论是直译还是意译，都不能原封不动地按照原文的语序一个个单词地翻，要符合中文的语序.但两者还是有区别的.直译对"忠于原文"的要求较高，这类翻译一般用在科技，法律等需要用绝对精确且不让人产生歧义的语言来翻译的文章.另外一般的生活用语也用直译来翻译，这纯粹是用不着用意译.而意译相对而言就比较抽象，这类翻译一般用在诗，散文，及歌词的翻译中以增加美感和艺术性.它只将主要意思以发散性思维的方式表达出来.更何况在翻译歌词时，最好的翻译应该是能将翻译的歌词放在原来的旋律中唱出来，在这样的情况下，不可能用直译将所有的意思都直接翻译出来，只能以意译翻出大概的意思.当然，要意译翻译得好，肯定是要有不少中英文学知识和底蕴才行的.。

3.急

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

Nothing is too difficult, if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

As every thread of gold is valuable, so every moment of time. 一寸光阴一寸金。

There is nothing permanent except change. 唯有变化才是永恒的。

A crooked stick will have a crooked shadow. 身不正，影必斜。

Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。

Good company on the road is the shortest cut. 行路有良伴就是捷径。

Constant dropping wears the stone. 滴水穿石。

Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好；晚来总比不来好。

It's never too late to mend. 过而能改，善莫大焉；亡羊补牢，犹未晚也。

Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. 无热情成就不了伟业。

Actions speak louder than words. 行动比语言更响亮。

From small beginning come great things. 伟大始于渺小。

One today is worth two tomorrows. 一个今天胜似两个明天。

A bold attempt is half success. 勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。

Good advice is beyond all price. 忠告是无价宝。

A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

A fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改，本性难移。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的

A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。

A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。

A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

A hedge between keeps friendship green. 君子之交淡如水。

A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

中文到英文就是这么翻的，这是我们老师整理给我们的，没错的

4.求一些有趣有意思的英语谚语句子,西方常用的俚语对话之类的,就是

1.爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog.

2.百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing.

3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.

4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.

5.不眠之夜 white night

6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses

7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best

8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord.

9.拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul

10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new

11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

12.大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener

13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace

14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little

15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.

16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more

17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.

18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth.

19.活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.

20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones

21.金无足赤人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.

22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home.

23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth

24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence

25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green

26.老生常谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, cliché

27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.