1.请问有没有有关于文化交流的英文谚语

A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。

A bad thing never dies.遗臭万年。 A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯。

A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 A boaster and a liar are cousins-german.吹牛与说谎本是同宗。

A bully is always a coward.色厉内荏。 A burden of one's choice is not felt.爱挑的担子不嫌重。

A candle lights others and consumes itself.蜡烛照亮别人，却毁灭了自己。 A cat has 9 lives.猫有九条命。

A cat may look at a king.猫也可以打量国王，意为人人平等。 A close mouth catches no flies.病从口入。

A constant guest is never welcome.常客令人厌。 Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

Adversity leads to prosperity.穷则思变。 Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才。

A fair death honors the whole life.死得其所，流芳百世。 A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。

A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。 A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改，本性难移。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。 A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。

A friend is never known till a man has need.需要之时方知友。 A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美的朋友。

'After you' is good manners.“您先请”是礼貌。 A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。

A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。 A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。

A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书，相伴一生。 A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门。

A good fame is better than a good face.美名胜过美貌。 A good husband makes a good wife.夫善则妻贤。

A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。 A good wife health is a man's best wealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。

A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎言。 A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。

A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友。 A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改。

A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 A light heart lives long.静以修身。

A little body often harbors a great soul.浓缩的都是精品。 A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。

A little pot is soon hot.狗肚子盛不得四两油。 All are brave when the enemy flies.敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。

All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席。 All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。

All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 All that ends well is well.结果好，就一切都好。

All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不一定都是金子。 All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事总是由难而易。

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 A man becomes learned by asking questions.不耻下问才能有学问。

A man can do no more than he can.凡事都应量力而行。 A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。

A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。 A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺。

A man without money is no man at all.一分钱难倒英雄汉。 A merry heart goes all the way.心旷神怡，事事顺利。

A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里。 A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒。

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。 A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。

An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。

An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗学不出新把戏。 An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom.聪明才智，不如运气。

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.预防为主，治疗为辅。 A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。

As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

A snow year, a rich year.瑞雪兆丰年。 A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体。

A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。 A stitch in time saves nine.小洞不补，大洞吃苦。

A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。 A wise head makes a close mouth.真人不露相，露相非真人。

A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，驷马难追。 A year's plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。

A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 Bad news has wings.好事不出门，坏事传千里。

Barking dogs seldom bite.吠犬不咬人。 Beauty lies in the love's eyes.情人眼里出西施。

Be 。

2.有没有有关于文化交流的英文谚语

As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆. A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园. A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终. A bad thing never dies.遗臭万年. A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯. A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林. A boaster and a liar are cousins-german.吹牛与说谎本是同宗. A bully is always a coward.色厉内荏. A burden of one's choice is not felt.爱挑的担子不嫌重. A candle lights others and consumes itself.蜡烛照亮别人，却毁灭了自己. A cat has 9 lives.猫有九条命. A cat may look at a king.猫也可以打量国王，意为人人平等. A close mouth catches no flies.病从口入. A constant guest is never welcome.常客令人厌. Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩. Adversity leads to prosperity.穷则思变. Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才. A fair death honors the whole life.死得其所，流芳百世. A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智. A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改，本性难移. A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情. A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易. A friend is never known till a man has need.需要之时方知友. A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美的朋友. 'After you' is good manners.“您先请”是礼貌. A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半. A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终. A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友. A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书，相伴一生. A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门. A good fame is better than a good face.美名胜过美貌. A good husband makes a good wife.夫善则妻贤. A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口. A good wife health is a man's best wealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富. A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎言. A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水. A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友. A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改. A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信. A light heart lives long.静以修身. A little body often harbors a great soul.浓缩的都是精品. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人. A little pot is soon hot.狗肚子盛不得四两油. All are brave when the enemy flies.敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士. All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席. All rivers run into sea.海纳百川. All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马. All that ends well is well.结果好，就一切都好. All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不一定都是金子. All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事总是由难而易. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻. A man becomes learned by asking questions.不耻下问才能有学问. A man can do no more than he can.凡事都应量力而行. A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用. A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友. A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺. A man without money is no man at all.一分钱难倒英雄汉. A merry heart goes all the way.心旷神怡，事事顺利. A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里. A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生. A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火. An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.以眼还眼，以牙还牙. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨. An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗学不出新把戏. An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom.聪明才智，不如运气. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.预防为主，治疗为辅. A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔，转业不聚财. As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆. A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园.。

3.【英语翻译在谚语翻译中,由于文化背景的差异,英汉在谚语翻译中的

In proverb translation,because of the cultural difference,reflected in the translation of proverbs in English and Chinese are not the same,the same,in the ocean in proverbs,many sentences is the use of synonymous proverbs set of usage,many English proverbs literally translated into Chinese is not understand the expression of meaning,then according to the Chinese idioms to apply,even if it is completely different sentences,but its meaning is the same.Please translate into more fluent English。

4.英文名言警句 有背景的

英语励志名言警句，英文名言警句 Behind every successful man there's a lot u unsuccessful years. - Bob Brown 每个成功者的后面都有很多不成功的岁月. 鲍博.布朗 I think success has no rules, but you can learn a lot from failure. - Jean Kerr 我认为成功没有定律，但你可从失败中学到很多东西. 静.科尔 There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure. - Colin L. Powell 成功没有诀窍.它是筹备，苦干以及在失败中汲取教训的结果. Few things are impossible in themselves; and it is often for want of will, rather than of means, that man fails to succeed. La Rocheforcauld, French writer 事情很少有根本做不成的；其所以做不成，与其说是条件不够，不如说是由于决心不够。

法国作家 罗切福考尔德，L. Genius only means hard-working all one's life. Mendeleyev, Russian chemist 天才只意味着终身不懈地努力。 俄国化学家 门捷列耶夫 Great works are performed not by strengh, but by perseverance. Samuel Johnson, British writer and critic 完成伟大的事业不在于体力，而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。

英国作家和评论家 约翰逊. S. I have nothing to offer but blood, boil, tears and sweat. Winston Churchill, British politician 我能奉献的没有其它，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪与汗水。 英国政治家 丘吉尔.W. All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难。

Constant dripping wears away the stone. 锲而不舍，金石可镂。 The first blow is half the battle. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ". (Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor ) 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说"不可能的"。（ 法国皇帝 拿破仑. B.） All things in their being are good for something. • 天生我才必有用。

• Difficult circumstances serve as a textbook of life for people. • 困难坎坷是人们的生活教科书。 • Failure is the mother of success. -- Thomas Paine • 失败乃成功之母。

• For man is man and master of his fate. • 人就是人，是自己命运的主人。 There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power. -- Balzac • 没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。

-- 巴尔扎克 The good seaman is known in bad weather. • 惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色 While there is life there is hope. • 一息若存，希望不灭。 -- 英国谚语 You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. -- Charles Chaplin • 人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。

-- 卓别林 Cease to struggle and you cease to live. -- Thomas Carlyle • 生命不止，奋斗不息。 -- 卡莱尔 • A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. • 千里之行，始于足下 A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate. -- Thomas Addison • 强者能同命运的风暴抗争。

-- 爱迪生。

5.英语文化背景知识收集

中学英语文化背景知识 黎里中学 丁建方 西方文化背景知识已大量地渗入现代的中学英语教材和读物中，这与传统的英语教材只强调语言知识和语法知识的重要性差别较大。

英语是一门语言学科，它是这一民族文化的组成部分，是文化的载体和折射镜。我们从中可以看到使用该语言国家的社会文化、自然环境和思维方式等。

通过对中西方语言文化背景的对比，了解两者的差异。因而教师应当充分利用各种材料中的西方文化背景知识，介绍给学生，以拓宽视野，提高交际能力和阅读能力。

以下简略地概括一些中学英语中出现的中西文化的差异和西方特有的文化背景知识。 一。

日常生活交际和风俗习惯。 中西文化的差异在日常生活中出现得很多，如姓名、称呼和问候之类。

在汉语中先姓后名而在英美国家则完全不同，他们是名前姓后，而且在中间还喜欢加上一个中间名。称呼别人时一般在姓的前面加上称呼语，如“Mr Smith”等，初学者应当注意。

在英语中我们会发现西方国家里对亲属的称谓很少，如“Aunt,Ancle, Cousin”等。 而在汉语中则不同，汉语把亲属间的关系分得极细，既能分别性别、大小又能分出与称者的关系。

这种差异说明中国的文化背景，在几千年的封建统治下，中国人高度重视血缘关系和等级观念，提倡长幼有序、尊卑分明。而在一些西方国家小辈直呼长辈之名比比皆是，少有避讳。

家庭成员之间即使是长辈也常对小辈说“Thank you”。因为西方的一些国家追求人人平等和个人的独立意识。

在英国，熟人见面时谈论天气的话题较多如“Lovely weather,isn't it”。而在中国人们碰面时则常问“你吃了吗？”自古以来中国食风甚盛，请客吃饭司空见惯。

吃是人们谈话常见话题。英国位于大西洋北岸，属于海洋性气候，受北大西洋暖湿气流的影响，四季变化不明显，但一日之内天气状况可能瞬息万变，英国人认为“在本土没有气候，只有天气”，英国的天气每时每刻都是一个新鲜而有趣的话题，因而长期以来养成了谈论天气情况的习惯。

与西方人交际时应注意一些话题。譬如西方人一般不会向陌生人或不太熟悉的人提问对方的年龄、婚姻状况、个人收入或宗教信仰之类的事，这对于他们来说是个人的隐私，别人无权知道。

特别女性的年龄，忌讳得很。在中国就不会有这么多的忌讳。

尊重女士是英国绅士的一大特点。 “Ladies and gentlemen”。

“Ladies first”等。Lady在前，体现了英国人的绅士风度。

如果陌生人见面，介绍人一般都是先向女士引见男士，男士为女士开门、让座位、拿行李等是英国所崇尚的一种 道德风范。 当你带领客人到家作客时，英国人仅会领你到客厅或告诉你卫生间的方向而不会带客人象中国人那样到处参观，西方有一句谚语“英国人的家就是他们的城堡”而在这一方面中国人则表现出自己的大度和推心置腹。

不同文化背景下人们的思维方式也有所不同。英美国家的社交习俗中坦荡直率的风格与中国人特有的谦虚谨慎很是不同。

当别人问你是否有吃点或喝点什么时，我们总是要客气一番，有时会叫人搞不清是真还是假，弄得尴尬不堪。按西方国家的习惯，你若要即要不必推辞，说声“Yes,please”或不要“No,thanks”，不必推来推去。

当你受到别人的称赞和夸奖时，说声“Thank you”。在西方国家人们认为那是非常得体的用语，无须谦虚。

二。历史文化、习语和典故。

了解更多的历史文化和典故习语等方面的背景知识，有利于学生拓宽视野和对文章的理解。“Black”一词是美国人在二十世纪六十年代前对遭受种族歧视和压迫的黑人的称呼，甚至称黑人为“Black Slave”。

而随着黑人争取民族解放、平等、民主、自由运动的兴起，白人就借一个外来词“Negro”来称黑人。当黑人运动逐步地胜利后，黑人以“Black”而自豪。

美国著名黑人杰克逊则认为应当称美国黑人为“An American of African descent”才适当得体。 这说明随着历史的发展，语言作为其交际工具，随时都应适应社会的需要。

历史文化是属于说这种语言的宝贵遗产，它们经常在日常交际和各种阅读材料中出现，值得倍加注意。如西方人说“He is a Shylock”，不了解情况的学生没法理解此句的含义，因为“Shylock”这一词很明显是一个人名。

而如果你知道 “Shylock”是莎翁笔下的一个什么样的人物时，此句就很容易理解为他是一个守财奴。又如“Castle in spain”我们译为“西班牙城堡”，而其真正的含义是幻想或梦想。

就相当于汉语中的空中楼阁之类的意思。 英语习语是学英语者最为头痛的事，需逐步地和经常地积累。

“Pull one'sleg”是指开玩笑而不是拖后腿。“Child's play”是简单容易不是视同儿戏。

因为习语是该国文化在特定的场合内形成的，切不可望文生义，否则会差之毫厘失之千里。如“It's Greek to me”，英国人一般都不懂希腊语，因而此句意为“我不知道”。

“Take French leave”是指用法国式的方式告别，英国人借用十七世纪法国流行的风俗习惯离开客厅时无需向主人或女主人告别，引深为不经同意和通知而做什么事情。 中西文在各自领域内由于语言文化的背景不同，便有了各自绚丽多彩。

6.有哪些常用的英文谚语

cross your heart 你发誓 gate - crasher 不请自来的不速之客； take it easy 凡事看开些， 不要太冲动， 不要看得那么重 make yourself comfortable 不用约束 （招待客人时说的话） you are all wet 你完全误会了 she is hangover 她昨夜喝醉了 it's a matter of time 这是迟早的问题 she pulls out 她退出了 I have my limit 我的忍耐度有限 don't brush me off 不要敷衍我 let's get it straight 我们打开天窗说亮话吧 what you call this 你这算什么 how about a bite 随便吃些什么吧 you can count on me 你可以信得过我 he see things not people他论事不论人 we sang the same songs 我们志同道合 I hope you in the roll 我希望你也能来 let's go Dutch 我们各付各的吧 speak of the devil 说曹操， 曹操就到 keep in touch 保持联络 don't turn me down 不要拒绝我 don't let me down 别叫我失望 man proposes and god disposes 谋事在人成事在天 .the weakest goes to the wall.优胜劣败 to look one way and row another声东击西 .in everyone's mouth.脍炙人口 to kick against the pricks 螳臂挡车 .to give the last measure of devotion 鞠躬尽瘁 .to suffer for one's wisdom. 聪明反被聪明误 to harp on the same string. 旧调重弹 what's done cannot be undone 覆水难收 .to convert defeat into victory. 转败为胜 beyond one's grasp. 鞭长莫及 to be severe with oneself and lenient with others.严以责己宽以待人 a heart of steel. 铁石心肠 to be guided by destiny.听天由命 pride goes before a fall 骄者必败 .the supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without 不战而屈人之兵 what is bugging you 什么事使你心烦 sworn brother 干兄弟， 盟兄弟 it's dying art 这是已失传的手艺 gentlemen agreement 君子协定 I'm trying to make ends meet 我尽力要使收支平衡 prosperity makes friends, adversity tries them.富贵结朋友， 患难见真情 if you wish to be the best man, you must suffer the bitterest of the bitter.吃得苦中苦， 方为人上人 it is better to fight for good than to fail at the ill.宁为善而斗， 毋屈服于恶 he who has hope has everything.怀有希望者， 便拥有一切 self-trust is the first secret of success自信心是成功的首要关键 the secret of success is constancy of purpose.成功的秘绝在于目标坚定有恒 success grows out of struggles to overcome difficulties.成功源于努力去克服困难 experience is the extract of suffering.经验是受苦的结晶 英语谚语 英语谚语指流传于英国和美国的比较简练而且言简意赅的话语。

英语谚语有一部分来自书面文献，主要出自希腊罗马神话、寓言故事、莎士比亚戏剧以及一些名家作品中。流传于民间口语中的谚语，伴随着文字的产生，开始出现在各种文学作品和文化典籍中。

这些源自文化典籍的"雅谚"，有些是在民间口语说法的基础上提炼打磨而成，而有些则属独创，有着鲜明的文化色彩、语体特色和教育警策作用。英语谚语以其令人们熟知的形象和比喻体现了人们世代积累的经验和形成的价值观，它们作为社会共享的口头文学的袖珍版本，被成百上千次地引用，成为说服他人的论据，并用以指导日常生活。

谚语是民间集体创造、广为口传、言简意赅并较为定型的艺术语句，是民众丰富智慧和普遍经验的规律性总结。根据内容，可以分为四类：（1）气象谚语。

气象谚语是认识自然和总结生产经验的谚语，如"长虫过道，大雨要到"、"东北有三宝：人参、貂皮、乌拉草"等。（2）农业谚语。

农业谚语是农民在生产实践中总结出来的农事经验，如"枣芽发，种棉花"、"今冬麦盖三层被，来年枕着馒头睡"、"瑞雪兆丰年"等。（3）生活谚语。

生活谚语是人们根据卫生保健知识概括而成的谚语，如"寒从脚起，病从口入"、"早晨起得早，八十不觉老"等。（4）社会谚语。

社会谚语泛指为人处世、接物待人、持家治国等方面应注意的事，如："量小非君子，无毒不丈夫"、"人不可貌相，海水不可斗量"、"若要人不知，除非己莫为"等。

7.有关英语俗语的文化内涵及其特点

英语习语是英语语言文化中不容忽视的重要组成部分。

英语习语折射着英语语言民族在地理、历史、宗教信仰、生活习俗等方面丰富的文化信息和独特的文化特色。准确掌握英语中的习语， 能帮助我们深刻理解英语词汇中的文化内涵及文化差异， 从而更加准确、传神地使用英语。

一、引言 语言是人在劳动中创造的，习语是语言特征的集中反映，它来自于普通百姓的生产劳动和生活经历，是语言的精华、语言的缩影；语言是一个任意的符号系统，习语是人在长期的语言实践中约定俗成的；语言是以交际为目的的，习语的起源就是在口头交际中使用最频繁的俚语和俗语；语言是人类智慧的表现，习语比较集中地反映出语言的修辞手段和表现手法（其中相当一部分是文学巨匠的精彩词句）；语言是为人类各种活动服务的，而习语恰好生动地反映出人类生活的方方面面。 广义的习语包含比喻性词组、俚语、格言、俗语、谚语、典故等，是语言发展的结晶。

英语语言历史悠久，包含着大量的习语，它们或含蓄、幽默、或严肃、典雅，不仅言简意赅，而且形象生动，妙趣横生，给语言增色不少。由于地理、历史、宗教信仰和生活习俗等多方面的因素决定，习语承载着英语语言民族的文化信息和文化特色，并与它们的文化传统紧密相连，不可分割。

而对英语习语的学习有助于我们掌握英语本族语者的真实语言，了解语言背后所隐藏着的丰富而有趣的文化信息。二、英语习语中隐含的历史背景 1、罗马人的痕迹 公元前49年，罗马执政庞贝和元老院共谋进攻恺撒。

当时恺撒的领地和意大利本部交界处有条小河Rubicon。恺撒不顾一切，悍然率领军队渡过此河与庞贝决战。

在渡河时他说"The die is cast."骰子已经掷下， 表明义无反顾。过了河，他还烧毁了渡船，（ burn the boats） 逼得士兵毫无退路，只好勇往直前， 打败了敌人。

就是这样一段历史故事， 在英语中留下了几个常见的习语： cross the Rubicon（ 渡过鲁比肯河） 喻意决定冒重大危险， 采取断然行动； burn one's boats（ 烧掉自己的船） 表示破釜沉舟的决心； The die is cast. （ 骰子已经掷下） 预示着事情已经决定， 再也不能改变。 2、条顿人的征服 条顿人， 即居住在西北欧的3个日耳曼部落， 他们是盎格鲁人、萨克逊人和朱特人。

约在公元449 年， 他们开始征服不列颠。他们的入侵给英语带来了极大的影响， 并最终形成盎格鲁-萨克逊语， 即现代英语的起源。

条顿人的征服对英语的影响是全面的， 起决定作用的， 从很多英语习语还可以找到条顿人征服的影子。如cut someone to the quick 意为"大伤某人的感情"， quick 这里指"皮肉"，这个解释源于古撒克逊语。

Go through fire and water是"赴汤蹈火"的意思， 源自盎格鲁- 撒克逊时期的中世纪判罪法。 3、斯堪的纳维亚风暴 公元790年开始，斯堪的纳维亚人入侵英国，并在英国大批定居，他们讲的是北日耳曼语， 是现在的瑞典语、芬兰语、挪威语和冰岛语的前身。

在此后的二百年中，许多斯堪的纳维亚各族语言（北日耳曼语）的词语渗入英语词汇。据估计，现代英语中约有900个斯堪的纳维亚各族语言的单词或构词成分。

斯堪的纳维亚各族语言对英语的渗透特别深入。最常用的习语rain cats and dogs， 来自北欧神化：古代斯堪的纳维亚人的主神是奥丁（Odin），狗（dog）和狼（wolf）象征"风"，猫（cat）象征"雨"，所以该习语喻指"狂风暴雨"。

4、诺曼底登陆 公元1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉入侵英国，并建立了诺曼底王朝。这一事件对英国的影响巨大。

它使法语成为现代英语的三大来源之一。同时，法国文化逐渐向英国社会渗透， 影响着英语及其习语。

如： return to one's mutton 原是直译自法国田园诗中的一句： 多情的男女牧羊人在牧场上谈情说爱、海阔天空，最终还得回到现实，回到自己的羊群中来。因此，这一习语比喻"回到实际问题，言归正传"。

三、英语习语体现自然地理环境特征 生活在不同自然环境中的人会形成不同的文化， 每种文化因其地域、气候环境的特点而具有不同的特征， 习语恰恰包含了独特的文化基因。

8.英语谚语

一.俚语和谚语是英语学习中的一大绊脚石。

我们不明白这些俗语的含义，是因为我们和英语国家的文化背景不同。如果能在汉语中为这些俗语找到对应的说法，问题就解决了。

我们向你介绍一些英汉合璧的俚语和谚语，帮助你的英语学习更上一层楼。 1.After meat, mustard; after death, doctor . 雨后送伞 Explanation: this describes a situation where assistance or comfort is given when it is too late. Example: just as I had cancelled my application to go abroad, I had a promise of money for my fare. It was a case of after death, the doctor. 2. After praising the wine they sell us vinegar. 挂羊头卖狗肉 Explanation: to offer to give or sell something that is inferior to what you claim it to be. Example: that fellow completely misled us about what he was capable of doing. After praising the wine, he sold us vinegar. 3. All is over but the shouting. 大势已去 Explanation: finally decided or won; brought to the end; not able to be changed. Example: after Bill's touch down, the game is all over but shouting. 4. All lay load on the willing horse. 人善被人欺，马善被人骑 Explanation: a willing horse is someone who is always doing things for others. Very often the implication is that others impose on him. Examples: the trouble is you're too good-natured and people take advantage of it. all lay load on the willing horse. You will have to learn to refuse people who ask too much. 5.anger and haste hinder good counsel. 小不忍则乱大谋 Explanation: one can not act wisely when one is angry or in a hurry. Example: you should calm down before you decide the next move. Anger and haste hinder good counsel. 6. As poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗 Explanation: to be exceedingly poor, having barely to live upon. Example: he has a large family, and is poor as a church mouse. Note: a church is one of the few buildings that contain no food. 7. A word spoken is past recalling. 一言既出，驷马难追 Explanation: the harm done by a careless word can not easily undo. Example: for the rest of his life he regretted what he had said, but a word spoken is past recalling and he knew he could never repair the damage of that moment of harshness. 8.World is but a little place, after all. 天涯原咫尺，到处可逢君 Explanation: it is used when a person meets someone he knows or is in someway connected with him in a place where he would never have expected to do so. Example: Who would have thought I would bump into an old schoolmate on a trek up Mount Tai. The world is but a little place after all. 9. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗 Explanation: conform to the manners and customs of those amongst whom you live. Example: I know you have egg and bacon for breakfast at home, but now you are on the Continent you will do as the Romans do and take coffee and rolls. 10. What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts. 失之东隅，收之桑榆 Explanation: a rough way of starting a law of average; if you have bad luck on one day you have good on another; if one venture results in loss try a fresh one---it may succeed. Example: he may always possess merits which make up for everything; if he loses on the swings, he may win on the roundabouts. 11.What are the odds so long as you are happy. 知足者常乐 Explanation: what does anything else matter if a person is happy. Example: you complain so much, but you have a good family, parents, health, and money. What's the odd so long as you're happy. 12.Entertain an angel unawares. 有眼不识泰山 Explanation: to receive a great personage as a guest without knowing his merits. Example: in the course of evening someone informed her that she was entertaining an angel unawares, in the shape of a composer of the greatest promise 13.every dog has his day . 是人皆有出头日 Explanation: fortune comes to each in turn Example: they say that every dog has his day; but mine seems a very long time coming. 14.every potter praises his own pot. 王婆买瓜，自卖自夸 Explanation: people are loath to refer to defects in their possessions or their family members Example: he said that his teacher considered his work brilliant, but I would rather hear it from his teacher's own mouth. Every potter praises his own pot 15. Pain past is pleasure. （过去的痛苦就是快乐。）

[无论多么艰难一定要咬牙冲过去，将来回忆起来一定甜蜜无比。] 16. While there is life, there is hope. （有生命就有希望/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。）

17. Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand. （脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。）[从小灌输给孩子的坚定信念。

] 18. Storms make trees take deeper roots. （风暴使树木深深扎根。）[感激敌人，感激挫折！] 19. Nothing is 。