1.英汉互译的几种方法有哪些

1直译法----就是按照文字的字面意思直接翻译过来，例如汉语中的“纸老虎”直译成“paper tiger”，外国人看起来不但深明其义，而且觉得很是传神，所以现已成为正式的英美民族语言。

另外，我们口中的“丢脸”也被直译为“lose face”，“走狗”译成为“running dog”.由于中国热而大为外国人欢迎的“功夫”音译成“kung fu”等也算是直译法的一种。 2意译法——有些习语无法直译，也无法找到同义的习语借用，则只好采用意译的方法来对待.例如汉语中的”落花流水”用来表示被打得大败之意，译成英文便是“to be shattered to pieces”。

“乌烟瘴气“形容情形混乱不堪，可用“chaos”来表达。 3省略法—汉语中有一种情况，就是习语中有的是对偶词不达意组，前后含意重复。

偶到这种情况时可用省略法来处理，以免产生画蛇添足之感。例如“铜墙铁壁”可译成“wall of bronzl” 已经足够，实在无须说成”wall of copper and iron”.”街谈巷议“在意义上也是重复的，所以译成”street gossip”便可以了。

4增添法—为了要更清楚地表达原意，有时要结合上下文的需要，在译文中增添一些说明。例如“树倒猢狲散”可译成“once the tree falls,the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter，”其中helter-skelter是“慌慌张张”之意，是增添的成分，原文虽无其字而有其义，加了使形象突出，有声有色。

5还原法—一些习语源于外语，翻译时可使之还原。例如“夹着尾巴”应写成”with the tail between the legs”；”战争贩子”是英文”war-monger”的中译；”蓝图”则是”blue-print”等. 追问： 正常情况下的翻译标准是什么？两个。

2.英语习语的翻译 汉译英

1) literal law To be precise in the expression of intent, and not inconsistent with the language specification: under the conditions of Idioms literal translation should be based. In the so-called literal means to retain English idioms: the metaphor, image, national and local color method. Those in the West obvious characteristics, history, and feature articles in particular to the literal translation. Use this method to migrate to the West in Chinese language, we can enrich the language translation. 2) the use of Chinese Idioms synonymous law Some Chinese idioms of English Idioms and in line with both content and form, the two sides have the same meaning and rhetoric color, in which case can be translated directly apply synonymous Chinese Idioms. 3) Translation of Law If it is impossible to retain literal translation of English Idioms form of expression, and also in Chinese Idioms find suitable synonyms can be applied, we can combine the context of the purpose of translation of English Idioms express the meaning. On the one hand, we should pay attention to translation should be preserved as far as possible reflected in the idiom of ethnic characteristics, and on the other hand not to the Chinese national or local distinctive characteristics imposes asked the same time. 4) Interpretation Act In recent years, more and more interpretative translation method for people to accept Practice has proved that interpretative translation of the translation is an effective method. Most of Idioms are rich in cultural background and cultural characteristics, in particular the story of Idioms, the translation must be clearly explained to account intent. 5) the addition of Law Added, is that when the original meaning of the words: Rational appear in the vocabulary of vacancies, its significance Lenovo also almost blank, the translator to retain the image of the original term, and will be added to its deep meaning in the form of the addition of translation Methods. English Idioms often abbreviated form, add some additional text can be interpreted meaning of the metaphor, cultural identity or cultural background and the original text of the omitted part. 6) Reverse English translation of the anti-affirmative sentence is certainly the word to Chinese or deny the sentence or deny the word or sentence or deny the English word to Chinese deny recognition sentence or affirm the translation of the word means. English proverbs have a special kind of sentence: It is + adj. N. + + that clause, translation of this sentence, to the use of anti-translation. Most of these proverbs have been handed down in Shakespeare's time, they and the use of different modern English translation, is generally in the main sentence with "again", and "even if" such words to enhance tone, the original is back clause to negate the sentence should be affirmed sentence Instead, translated into negative sentence. In short, the language in the idiom is an important and indispensable factor is the language of the special national characteristics and components, as well as various means of the integrated performance of rhetoric, the translation of idioms is very important. Translation of English Idioms are a variety of methods available, but mainly relies on the form and content of the translator in accordance with the principle of unity in different specific situations flexibility. Thank you, and that is what I find the information in the Internet's own translation of the limited capacity of online translation are very standard. I also do not have much points coming of the. Which did not know there willing to help ah. Not grateful! ! ! !。

3.英汉互译的几种方法是什么

1。

音译：人名、地名以及一些表示新概念 而本族语里又找不到对成词来表示时，均可采用 音译法介绍到译文语言中去，如： [汉译英] 磕头（kowtow），荔枝（litchi）； [英译汉]、engine（引擎），motor（马达）， sofa（沙发），logic（逻辑） 2.直译： paper tiger（纸老虎）， lose face（丢脸），Seeing is believing。 （百闻不如一见。）

Out of mind,out of sight。（眼不见，心不烦） 3。

改编：所谓“改编”指的是音译或直译如意 义补充的翻译，在翻译的“改编法”中，译者总 是一方面尽可能保持原文语言的特性，另一方面 更希望译文含义明朗，使读者一目了然。 比如，汉语的“班门弄斧”这个成语，可译成 This is like showing off one's proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter 其中，“鲁班”变成了“Lu Ban the mater carpenter" 否则鲁班究竟是什么人，不知道典故的外国读者 就会感到茫然。

这类译法在英译中比较常见，如巧克力糖（chocolate），鸦片烟（opium），高尔夫球（golf），来福枪（rifle），尼龙布（nylon）() 4.意译法：填补语言中的词汇、语义空缺， 采用“并行法”即意译法是一种常见的有效方 法。 如果某一语言观象，在译文语言中只的用意 义相同的不同语言形式即“并行”的词汇来翻译 时，那么就等于说译文语言的形式中存在着一个 “空缺”。

比如，有许多词以及由这些词代表的思 想概念，最先只存在于某种语言中，当把这些词 或概念介绍到另一种语言中去时，我们可采取音 译，直译法，同时也可采用意译法，而且意译译文 可从语音、语法、语义等方面都合乎译文语言的 规范，因此最易为读者接受。 比如： communism, democracy，和proletariat等外来词变成“共产主义” “民主”和”无产者”时，可以说最先是意译的结 果。

同时，由于“共产主义”，“无产者”等完全 是按我们汉语的构词规则，用汉语的构词材料构成 的。 因此，这种意译只不过是属于一种概念的借鉴 而已。