英语谚语性别歧视

1.请写几个含有性别歧视的英语谚语,

构词是语言的基本要素之一，在英语构词方面我们可以看到许多性别歧视的例子。最突出的例证莫过于history，它是由his 和story 构成的，也就是说，历史是男人的故事，没有也不需要女人的参与。

(1)以man结尾、含有man的复合词及派生词。这一类词泛指男女两性，但从表述效果来看，对于男女性别指代往往不是很清晰，甚至仅仅向读者或听众传递男性形象。例如： ① Man is the most

intelligent ofall species. ② All menshouldmaintain the ecologicbalance.

这些句子容易误导人们忽视女性的存在以及女性在历史发展进程中的作用，可将其更改为：①Humankind/humanbeingisthemostintelligent

of all species.② A ll people should maintain the ecological balance.或veryoneshouldmaintain theecological balance.

在英语词汇中，还有很多含有man的复合词及派生词，均带有明显的性别歧视色彩。这一类词主要有m an-kind、man-made、freshman、manhood、manly、to man、man hours、manpower等等。在实际应用中，应将其更改为humanbeings、synthetic、first-year student、adulthood、strong、to operate、work hours、workforce。

(2)英语中有一些以-ess,ette,rix和enne等阴性词缀结尾，如Actress、Authoress、Suffregatte、Usherette、Administratrix、aviatrix、Comedienne，他们往往含有微不足道、无足轻重或卑微低下的含义，因此要避免使用这一类词缀，并可改变使用or,an,er,ist等无性别歧视的词缀。

(3)在含有man的英语短语中，我们也不难发现有很多带有性别歧视色彩的，如be one's ownman、good will to man、Jack o f all trades、Manoftheworld、Man inthestreet、Toaman等等，如果我们在使用这些短语是将其置换为beone'sown person、goodwill toall、personof all trades、person of the world、person In the street、every person就显得更为客观和容易被接受了。

2.如何在英语阅读课堂上应对中英文谚语中出现的性别歧视

（一）人际称谓

亲昵称谓

在西方，男性上司称呼他们的女性下属时可以用一些表示亲密关系的昵称，如sugar, darling, sweetie, girlie；反过来，女性下属却不能用这些昵称来称呼她们的上司，而且女性上司也不能如此来称呼她们的男性职员，可是，陌生男子或非亲密关系的男子却可用昵称来称呼女子，这说明在英美社会女性比男性社会地位低，受到的尊重比男性少。[2](P74)

姓名称谓

在西方，女子婚前一般用父姓，婚后改用丈夫的姓，例如：在西方婚礼上，新郎新娘步入教堂时，牧师宣布：“I now pronounce you man and wife.”“婚后的男子依旧是man ，而婚后的女子则由Miss变成了wife这种现象不乏女权主义者和职业妇女。”[2](P74) 当时的美国总统Bill Clinton的夫人Hilary Rodhamon也在为自己的，即支持已婚女性不仅应当标注夫姓，而且只应当标注夫姓，而不应继续标注父姓。尽管Hilary Rodhamon本人是一位女权运动者，但她还是把自己的名字根据丈夫和自己的政治需要，先从Hilary Rodhamon改为Hilary Rodhamon Clinton，最后改为Hilary Clinton。但是，不管怎么改，都不能超出如下选择：要么跟父亲姓，要么跟丈夫姓。这种以丈夫的姓冠之于前的称呼，表明妇女出嫁后就成了丈夫的私有财产，是属于丈夫的，因此无法得到与丈夫平等的权利。未婚女性用Miss冠以父姓，已婚的用Mrs.或Lady冠以丈夫的姓氏。

指代称谓

1）提到男女双方时，双方不是处于平等地位，而是男先女后。

King and queen, brother and sister, father and mother, boys and girls, husband and wife, Adam and Eve, man and woman, Mr. Lucas and his wife Louise.

2）. 一些形式上没有男性标志的词意，人们习惯上把它们当作是男性词看待。

英语及其它讲英语国家的人习惯认为 professor, doctor, lawyer, surgeon, barrister, magistrate 等为男性，当我们听到有人说：My cousin is a professor 时，多数人会断定professor为男性。若要说明这些词是女性的，一般可在前面加上woman, lady, female 等修饰语。如：woman professor, lady doctor, female worker等，这些所谓的中性词的用法从一个侧面反映出旧社会中地位较高的职业为男子所垄断，相反地teacher, nurse , secretary, model 等人们一般认为是女性，如为男性时前面要加上male或是man，如：male nurse, man teacher。这些习惯除了历史现实情况有关，也可以说是一种社会偏见。

3.英语文章关于性别歧视

Sexism against femalesSexism against females in its extreme form is known as misogyny, which is derived from the Greek words for "hatred of females". The term 'sexism', in common usage, usually implies sexism against females, since this is the most commonly identified form of sexism. Further, this form is often called chauvinism, though chauvinism is actually a broader term for any extreme and unreasonable partisanship that is accompanied by malice and hatred towards a rival group. A similar term is gynophobia, which refers to fears of females or feminity.Historically, in many patriarchal societies, females have been and are viewed as the "weaker sex". Women's lower status can be seen in cases in which females were not even recognized as persons under the law of the land. The feminist movement promotes women's rights to end sexism against females by addressing issues such as equality under the law, political representation of females, access to education and employment, female victims of domestic violence, self-ownership of the female body, and the impact of pornography on women. While feminists broadly agree on the aims and goals of feminism, they may disagree on specific issues (for instance, pornography or abortion), tactics, or priorities.The history of sexism began thousands of years ago. When the idea of patriarchy was born, women were relegated to the background, to doing domestic cares and household chores. Before the influential years, Christianity was affected by ancient dualistic beliefs originating in Persia. According to these dualistic beliefs, spirit was good and matter was evil. Eventually, this matter that was considered evil became identified with women. Touching this matter, according to the Gnostics, was defiling, and this became known as the defiling contact with women. Genesis and Aristotle had implied this idea as well. Women were seen as being created by the evil Demiurge, as matter was seen as being created by the evil Auhra-Mazda. The idea of women being evil was symbolized in many ways: for example, paradise or the garden (shal) was originally known as the garden-womb of the Goddess Mari (Shalimar) but it then became known as shell, “the pit,” which is an unpleasant hell or underworld. This womb-garden transformed into the womb-tomb; the idea of the womb being good became bad and “the pit” and its carrier became bad as well. This idea made women's sensualness evolve into a paradigm of evil. Tertullian, a Catholic theologian who converted to Christianity and his writings influenced early Christianity, had said that woman were “the devil's gate.” This idea of women eventually symbolized incompleteness and women were then known as the imperfect male, as it is identified in Christian tradition. The following passage from Otto Weininger's Sex and Character reveals how women were seen in the past:Women have no existence and no essence: they are not, they are nothing. Mankind occurs as male or female, as something or nothing. Woman has no share in ontological reality, no relation to the thing-in-itself, which, in the deepest interpretation, is the absolute, is God. Man, in his highest form, the genius, has such a relation, and for him the absolute is either the conception of the higher worth of existence, in which case he is a philosopher; or it is the wonderful fairyland of dreams, the kingdom of absolute beauty, and then he is an artist. But both views mean the same. Women has no relation to the idea, she neither affirms nor denies it; she is neither moral nor anti-moral; mathematically speaking she has no sign; she is purposeless, neither good nor bad, neither angel nor devil, never egotistical (and therefore has often been said to be altruistic); she is as non-moral as she is non-logical. But all existence is moral and logical existence. So woman has no existence. (Weininger 286, 220)。

4.如何解决性别歧视的英语作文

longGender Inequality is a long-standing historical and global problem .In ancient times, many countries in the world exist such Concept , but the practice of Feminist movement have never stopped.

Nowadays, Nowadays, all over the world to advocate equality between men and women ,and in fact the situation is become better and better , but many people still Hold on this concept In the subconscious .Today ,we are suffering the global financial crisis, downturn, the economic downturn, make it more and more difficult for the college graduates to look for jobs. In this case, it seems unlikely that girls can find a job, because many enterprises and institutions in the recruitment of Discrimination against girls with a variety of reasons. reasons.

In my opinion, the concept is wrong, equality between the sexes has long been written into national laws of many countries. And there are many outstanding women, take a important roles in the government and enterprises .

presentAt present-day society, the ability of women don't seem to be smaller than men, so we should change our concept of inequality between men and women completely, we should give girls much more opportunities. And our society will become more harmonious and beautiful!

5.列举几个中英文中关于性别歧视的禁忌语

性别歧视语言现象

（一）人际称谓

亲昵称谓

姓名称谓

指代称谓

1）提到男女双方时，双方不是处于平等地位，而是男先女后。

King and queen, brother and sister, father and mother, boys and girls, husband and wife, Adam and Eve, man and woman, Mr. Lucas and his wife Louise.

2）. 一些形式上没有男性标志的词意，人们习惯上把它们当作是男性词看待。

6.寻英语中关于性别歧视的表达

1. Sex discrimination in the workplace comes with many different faces. In its most basic form, it involves outright exclusion of women, solely by reason of their gender. However, even where women have gained access to the workplace, sex discrimination may persist in other ways. Examples include identification of particular jobs as “man–only” or “woman–only” or through the existence of a “glass ceiling” that ensures women will only go so far on the corporate ladder.

2.The rules for success: for men, based on performance, and for women, based on appearance.

3.A significant area of occupational gender discrimination is found in a “sex plus” theory, which is based first on the gender of an employee and then adds marital status or child–bearing ability.

4. An often–overlooked area of gender discrimination is in the benefits an employer provides to its employees. While it is obvious that male and female employees have different, sex–based disability and healthcare needs, the law is no longer blind to the fact that only women can get pregnant, bear children, or use prescription contraception. The special or increased healthcare needs associated with a woman's unique sex–based characteristics must be met to the same extent, and on the same terms, as other healthcare needs. Excluding women–only benefits from a generally comprehensive prescription plan is sex discrimination.

7.英语的关于性别歧视的文章,篇幅不要太少,急

Sexism at Work Recent years see more girl students on the campus than boys, and girls perform as excellently as boys. Some are even superior and receive more praises and honors. Indeed, girls are equal to boys. However, when they are getting out of the pure schoolyard and venture into the complicated society, they find themselves faced with many things different. Among them is sexism at work. It begins with the job interview. Though females have made full preparation to cope with the situation, blatant sexism in the selection of staff will make it tough for them to please the inter viewer and render him to nod. More vacancies are open only to males. Sometimes, females will be rejected just because of their sex. When females are lucky enough to be employed by a company, don't you assume that they are regarded as equal to males. I confess that the work they do is equal, however, disappointing ly, the pay is not. Women may do no less work but earn much less than men. To make matters worse, they're confronted with great possibility to be fired due to their marriage and pregnancy.Natural features appear to be a burden on women. Besides,women also hold less hope to be promoted. once women in office may do trivial work such as typing and stenography while nowadays quite a large number of women are qualified for major task and ready for heavy responsibility. Unfortunately, they will barely have chances to display their talent. Eventually, only a few women succeed in winning high positions as well as high salaries. Common situation is that women are reduced to low positions and thus paid "accordingly". In a society where human rights are strongly emphasized,it's terrible to see sexism demonstrated in almost every aspect of human life. All in all, equality between sexes is badly urged.Everybody, especially the victim of sexism at work, is looking forward to being treated equally. 简评男女“生而平等”，但在现实生活中却遭遇很多不平等。

招聘时是这样，工作中还是这样。本文用“逆起式”开头，先谈高校中女生的优秀，然后过渡到本文主题：现代社会对女性的歧视。

在正文中，先谈女生应聘时遭遇的不公，再重点分析工作中她们遭遇的更多歧视以及这些歧视又是如何使女性显得“低能”。这样组织内容文章思路非常清楚。

但同学们在使用“逆起式”开头时需要谨慎：千万不要写得太长，否则就会进入主题太慢，给人拖泥带水之嫌。