一、福克纳是谁

福克纳是美国意识流小说家，生于密西西比州。

他小学成绩极为优秀，接连跳级。后因不喜欢学校教育而缀学，并开始尝试写作。

24岁时，他的第一部诗集《春天的幻景》出版。 “一战”爆发后，第一次他因体检不合格不能从军，等他参加了空军，还未上战场，战争就结束了。

1925年，他去欧洲游历，在奥尔良和作家安德森交往，并创作了《士兵的报酬》。1929年他从欧洲归来后闭门创作。

这一年他发表了《沙多里斯》，标志着他成为独具一格的作家。同时他发表《喧哗与骚动》，奠定了他经典作家的地位，并因此荣 获诺贝尔文学奖。

此外还完成《我弥留之际》。1962年逝世于故乡。

福克纳丰富了意识流小说创作，对20世纪文学产生了深远影响。

二、威廉•福克纳有什么代表作品

威廉•福克纳（1897—1962年），美国作家，一生共写了19部长篇小说与近百篇短篇小说，其中15部长篇与绝大多数短篇的故事都发生在约克纳帕塔法县，称为约克纳帕塔法世系。

其主要脉络是这个县杰弗逊镇及其郊区的属于不同社会阶层的若干个家族的几代人的故事，时间从1800年起直到第二次世界大战以后。 世系中共600多个有名有姓的人物在各个长篇、短篇小说中穿插交替出现。

福克纳深受家庭传统和南方风土人情的影响。他的作品中有南方人特有的幽默感，深入刻画黑人与白人的地位、相处、矛盾等敏感问题，生动描绘出惟妙惟肖的南方人形象。

福克纳笔下的剧情浸染着人物的复杂心理变化，细腻的感情描写穿插其中。 他的作品最大的外在特点是绵延婉转及结构极为繁复的长句子和反复斟酌推敲后选取的精巧词汇。

他一生多产，令很多美国作家艳羡不已，不过也有很多人对其持批评态度。他和风格简洁明了、干脆利落的海明威更是两个极端。

—般认为他是1930年代唯一一位真正意义上的美国现代主义作家，与欧洲文学试验者乔伊斯、伍尔芙、普鲁斯特等人遥相呼应，大量运用意识流、多角度叙述和陈述中时间推移等富有创新性的文学手法。 福克纳逝世后，美国以及世界上其他国家对他的评价越来越高，对他的研究本身已经成为一门学问。

各国不断翻译、介绍他的作品，有些地区（特别是拉美）的作家的创作明显受到他的影响。福克纳已经成为一个现代经典作家，被认为既深刻地反映了社会历史，同时又是个现代意识很强的作家。

他写了现代社会中人与人的沟通与疏远，人如何追求、保持自己的“人性”；揭示了西方社会中人性受扭曲与异化的问题。评论家还认为，福克纳是挖掘与表现人的内心世界的高手。

在许多情况下，他是通过表现人物的内心活动来塑造人物与表现时代精神的。他还根据自己对现代哲学、现代心理学对人的更深层的理解，形成了一种认知生活的独特眼光。

并根据这种独特的眼光，相应地创造与采用了一系列新的小说技法，帮助他充分表现出现代人与现代生活的复杂性。在文学语言的运用与创作上，福克纳也堪称大师。

他的语言丰富多彩，能提供多种风格的艺术珍品。 1930年代，中国对福克纳有过零星的介绍与评论，真正的译介与研究始于80年代。

这以后有了福克纳一些代表作品的中译本出版，与此同时，对福克纳的研究也取得了相当的进展。

三、为什么福克纳在美国文学史上那么重要

Faulkner's death, the United States and other countries in the world, more and more of his assessment of his research itself has become an academic. States to keep the translation, about his work, in some areas (especially in Latin America) and the creation of a writer by his obvious influence. Faulkner has become a modern classic writers, is considered not only a profound reflection of social history, but it is also a strong sense of modern writers. He wrote a modern society, interpersonal communication and alienation, people how to pursue and maintain their own "human nature"; reveals human nature in Western society, subject to distortion and alienation issues. Critics also believe that Faulkner is the excavation and to express the human inner world of the master. In many cases, he is through the performance of activities to shape the character's inner spirit of the times and performance figures. He also according to their modern philosophy, modern psychology of human deeper understanding of the formation of a unique vision of cognitive life. And in accordance with such a unique vision, with a corresponding creation and adoption of a new series of novel techniques to help him to fully demonstrate modern and the complexity of modern life. In the literature, and creative use of language, Faulkner also be called a master. His colorful language can provide a variety of styles of art treasures.

懂得很少，希望能帮上你。

四、急请大家帮忙提供一个关于威廉福克纳的ARoseforEmily

找了两篇，你自己挑吧An analysis of "A Rose for Emily" William Faulkner regarded the past as a repository of great images of human effort and integrity, but also as the source of a dynamic evil。

He was aware of the romantic pull of the past and realized that submission to this romance of the past was a form of death (Warren, 269)。 In "A Rose for Emily", Faulkner contrasted the past with the present era。

The past was represented in Emily herself, in Colonel Sartoris, in the old Negro servant, and in the Board of Alderman who accepted the colonel's attitude toward Emily and rescinded her taxes。 The present was expressed chiefly through the words of the unnamed narrator。

The new Board of Aldermen, Homer Barron (the representative of Yankee attitudes toward the Griersons and thus toward the entire South), and in what is called "the next generation with its more modern ideas" all represented the present time period (Norton Anthology, 2044)。 Miss Emily was referred to as a "fallen monument" in the story (Norton Anthology, 2044)。

She was a "monument" of Southern gentility, an ideal of past values but fallen because she had shown herself susceptible to death (and decay)。 The description of her house "lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps--an eyesore among eyesores" represented a juxtaposition of the past and present and was an emblematic presentation of Emily herself (Norton Anthology, 2044)。

The house smells of dust and disuse and has a closed, dank smell。 A description of Emily in the following paragraph discloses her similarity to the house。

"She looked bloated like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that palled hue" (Norton Anthology, 2045)。 But she had not always had that appearance。

In the picture of a young Emily with her father, she was frail and apparently hungering to participate in the life of the era。 After her father's death, she looked like a girl "with a vague resemblance to those angels in colored church windows--sort of tragic and serene" (Norton Anthology, 2046)。

This suggests that she had already begun her entrance into the nether-world。 By the time the representatives of the new, progressive Board of Aldermen waited on her concerning her delinquent taxes, she had already completely retreated to her world of the past。

She declared that she had no taxes in Jefferson, basing her belief on a verbal agreement made with Colonel Sartoris, who had been dead for ten years。 Just as Emily refused to acknowledge the death of her father, she now refused to recognize the death of Colonel Sartoris。

He had given his word and according to the traditional view, his word knew no death。 It is the past pitted against the present--the past with its social decorum, the present with everything set down in "the books。

" We can further see this distinction in the attitude of Judge Stevens, who was over eighty years old, and the young man (a member of the rising generation) who came to the judge regarding the smell at Emily's house。 For the young man, it was easy to point out the health regulations that were on the books。

But for the judge dealing with the situation it was not so simple。 "Dammit, sir。

。

will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?" (Norton Anthology, 2045)。 If Homer had triumphed in seducing Emily and deserting her, Emily would have become susceptible to the town's pity, therefore becoming human。

Emily's world, however, was already in the past。 When she was threatened with desertion and disgrace, she not only took refuge in that world but also took Homer with her in the only manner possible--death。

Miss Emily's position in regard to the specific problem of time was suggested in the scene where the old soldiers appear at her funeral。 There are two perspectives of time held by the characters。

The first perspective (the world of the present) views time as a "mechanical progression" in which the past is a "diminishing road" (Norton Anthology, 2049)。 The second perspective (the world of tradition and the past) views the past as "a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years" (Norton Anthology, 2049)。

The first perspective was that of Homer and the modern generation。 The second was that of the older members of the Board of Aldermen and of the confederate soldiers。

Emily held the second view as well, except that for her there was no bottleneck dividing her from the meadow of the past。 Emily's room 。