英语论文开题报告怎么写

开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。

这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。 课题名称 An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese 试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异 课题来源 Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor 一、课题背景及意义 （课题的立题依据及研究意义） Research Background: A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the peoples attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture. When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in peoples daily life. Research Significance: As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures. 二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 （课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向） Research Status: Study of color words has long attracted linguists attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance.. Research Tendency: 21st centurys color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality. 三、研究内容及研究目标 （对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标） Research Contents: A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms 1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified 1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit 1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death 2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate 2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful 2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky 1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty 2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms 2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor 2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity 2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism. 2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss D. Cultural 。

英语专业毕业论文的开题报告应该怎么写？

英语专业毕业论文分为好几类，比如有文学方面的，商务英语方面的，教学法方面，语言学方面，文化方面的，翻译方面的等等。

每个方向有各自的写作要求，但都包括Title, Abstract, Introduction, Body, Conclusion,Notes, Bibliography, Acknowledgement。当然，在写之前还要写选题报告，开题报告还有结题报告。

写文学方面的要看英文原著，当然也可搜索大量资料，但要想写出好的文章得到高分必须要Do it by yourself. 还有我想说的是论文最好提早下手，这样才可以有大量时间不断的修改。 总之，要写出好论文就得多用心，多找资料，多跟论文导师交流，多看，多写。

英语专业论文选题,开题报告的格式是怎样的哦？

附录2- 引文范例（仅供参考）“it is therefore pointless to try to make tc more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(wilss, 1982: 217)“噢，这就是恐水病吧？你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦？真够呛的！费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧！”（张南峰，1990:59-60） 附录3- 参考文献范例（仅供参考）wilss, wolfram. the science of translation – problems and methods. gunter narr verlag tubingen,1982.newmark, peter. a textbook of translation. new york: prentice hall, 1988.delabastita, dirk. translating puns: a false opposition in translation studies. target, 1991(3:2):137-152. 专业： 研究方向： 作者： 导师： 写作时间： — 对外经济贸易大学英语学院（英文）school of international studiesuniversity of international business and economicspragmatic strategies in advertising: implicatureswang yinga thesis submitted to school of international studies of university of international business and economicsin partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of artsapril 2002beijing, china参考资料： http://www.zk168.com.cn/INFO/Study/PracticalData/ThePracticeReports/09265456.html。

英语论文的开题报告怎么写

和情感最重要的方法和手段。

语文课程标准指出：“口语交际能力是现代公民的必备能力。应培养学生倾听、表达和应对的能力，使学生具有文明和谐地进行人际交流的素养。”

根据这一理念，口语交际教学应努力凸显口语交际的双向互动；精心创设口语交际的情境；着眼整体，实现三维目标一体化。 【关键词】：双向互动 创设情境 三维一体 《语文课程标准》提出：“口语交际应在具体的口语交际情境中，培养学生倾听、表达、应对的能力，使学生具有文明和谐地进行人际交流的素养。”

从中可以看出，口语交际的教学应有别于以往的听话、说话训练。如何体现新课标理念，优化口语交际教学呢？笔者认为可从以下几方面做起： 一、 努力凸显口语交际的双向互动。

口语交际是的核心是“交际“二字，注重的是人与人之间的交流和沟通。这是口语交际训练不同于以往听话或说话训练的一个显著特征。

听话、说话是单向的活动，而口语交际则是一个听方和说方双向互动的过程，不是听和说的简单相加。只有交际的双方处于互动的状态，才是真正意义上的“口语交际”。

因此，我们在口语交际教学中，师生之间、生生之间要像日常生活中那样互为对象，构成交际关系，并模拟生活实际双向互动地进行训练，才能体现出口语交际训练的特点，切实锻炼和发展学生的口语交际能力。如二年级的口语交际《秋游》教学： （1）（出示多幅秋景图片）师：小朋友们看，秋天多美啊，你们想去秋游吗？（想）我们到哪儿去，干什么呢？老师想听听大家的意见， 我们一起来商量一下好吗？（四人小组商量，并说说你们为什么选这个地方。

一人发言时，其他小组成员认真听，有不同想法或有疑问的等别人说完了再提出来） （2）：请各组小朋友派一个代表把商量的结果跟老师同学们说说。（汇报时，其他同学认真听，有意见的提出来） （3）通过交流协商，最后大家确定秋游的地点 （4）去秋游应该准备哪些东西呢？应注意什么呢？小组讨论交流后向老师提建议。

小组汇报，其他同学补充） 在这个教学片断中，围绕“秋游“这个主题事件，进行了生生之间、师生之间的双向互动，多向交流。通过广泛的互动交际，学生学会了倾听、表达与应对，学会了尊重别人、与人合作。

二、精心创设口语交际的情境 口语交际是是在特定的环境里产生的言语活动。 一定的情境是学生增强生活体验，激发思维与口语表达的外部条件和动力源；和谐民主的氛围则是大胆进行口语交流的前提。

这种言语交际活动，离开了“特定的环境”就不能称之为“交际”。因此，我们在进行口语交际教学中，应精心创设符合学生生活实际的交际情境，使学生有一种身临其境、似曾相似的感觉，激起学生交流的欲望，让学生无拘无束地畅所欲言，在实践中提高口语交际能力。

1.营造氛围，打造人际情境。 “情动而辞发”，而情感的萌动需要良好的外部氛围作为土壤。

在民主、平等、和谐的氛围中，学生的身心处于放松状态，不必担心指责和奚落，交际的情感易于被诱发，交际的欲望易于被点燃。因此，教师要放下“师道尊严”的架子，要以一个听众、朋友的身份加入学生们中间，成为学生学习的伙伴，努力营造轻松和谐的氛围，只有这样学生才能轻装上阵，敢于表达并乐于表达。

如我听到一位一年级老师上《交朋友》，课前将教室布置成联欢会的会场，老师和学生围坐在一起，营造一个其乐融融的交友环境。课中叫学生上台自我介绍，当几位胆小的学生不敢说时，老师给以亲切地微笑：“慢慢说，你肯定能说好”。

“你的声音很好听，能让喜欢你的朋友听得更清楚吗？”当学生有了进步时，老师就用赞赏的话语鼓励孩子：“你讲得太棒了！”、“你越来越勇敢了！我很愿意和你交朋友！”适时的引导和鼓励给予学生莫大的动力。 作完自我介绍后，他又让学生走出位置自由找朋友，互相交流年龄、性格、爱好、学习、家庭等情况。

一时间，课堂上三五成群，七嘴八舌。在这亲切、和善、民主的人际氛围中，能言善道的孩子变得更为侃侃而谈，沉默寡言的孩子也能抛开顾虑，尽情交流。

2.模拟生活，再现生活情境。 （1）课堂模拟 李吉林老师说：“言语的发源地是具体的情境，在一定的情境中产生语言的动机，提供语言的材料，从而促进语言的发展。”

所以口语交际应在具体的交际情境中进行， “要把生活搬进课堂里来”。在课堂教学中教师要创造特定的情境来模拟生活，让学生设身处地，境中练说。

如《招待客人》一课，我请一名学生演接待客人的小主人，自己当客人。“小主人”聚精会神地看着书，“客人”夹着小提包走上门。

师：“咚咚咚”敲门。 生：“谁呀？” 师：“我，葛阿姨”。

生：（开门把我迎进，亲切地说）：“葛阿姨您好！”接着沏来一杯茶，有礼貌地说：“阿姨请喝茶”。 师一边喝一边问他在学校的学习情况，他一一作了回答。

师起身要走，生送出门说：“阿姨再见！” 演出结束，我趁热打铁，让同桌表演刚才的一幕，进一步说说自己平时接待客人的事例，然后四人小组合作，选择一个生活情境进行模拟接待。整堂课沉浸在演演说说的欢声笑语之中。

（2）活动模拟 除了课堂模拟，。

求一篇英语论文3000字的,感谢各位帮忙,谢谢了

customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction is the customer-to-business and enterprise product / service satisfaction. Customer satisfaction, the enterprise is a state of feeling, and feelings in such a state more likely to arouse trading activities. A commonly used statistical results are: a satisfied customer, six times in a dissatisfied customers more willing to continue to buy that product or service enterprises. In an increasingly competitive, customer-oriented market environment, more and more companies began chasing the upgrading of customer satisfaction. However, many companies chasing the results were not satisfactory. We found that business if it is only the pursuit of customer satisfaction and often can not solve the ultimate problem, because very often, enterprises improve customer satisfaction, does not mean that corporate profits immediately improved. only contributions to the company "profit" is a direct customer value customers. Moreover, the value of the profits of enterprises also contribute to the high and low points. Therefore, enterprises should operate on the scarce resources to optimize the allocation and concentrate on high-value enhancing customer satisfaction at the same time, we should also look at potential high-value customers, gradual increase their satisfaction. From all customer satisfaction, to the value of customer satisfaction, to the high-value customer satisfaction, the final key to the high-value customer satisfaction factors, it is enterprises to enhance the "customer satisfaction value in return," "process." Customer loyalty Customer loyalty from the concept of customer satisfaction leads to the concept of customer satisfaction is the result of a product brand or companys trust, and hope to maintain a repeat of psychological tendency. Customer loyalty is actually a continuity of customer behavior, customer loyalty, customer loyalty is the corporate level. Customer loyalty for the two forms of performance, is a corporate customer loyalty in the wishes of a customer loyalty is in the behaviour of enterprises. And general enterprises tend to be confused with two forms of this fact, a fundamental difference between the two, the former is not for the businesses themselves have a direct value of the enterprises while the latter is very valuable; The reason is very simple Customers only wishes, but no action, for enterprises of no significance. Enterprises should do is, first, to promote customers from "will" to "act" conversion; Second, through cross-selling and additional marketing to further enhance customer and business transactions frequency. Customer satisfaction does not mean that customer loyalty, customer satisfaction is a kind of psychological satisfaction, in consumption is revealed by the attitude of, but customer loyalty is a continuous transactions, is to promote the occurrence of repeat customers. Measuring customer loyalty is the key indicators of customers (CustomerRetention), which describes enterprises and maintaining customer relationships length of time; customers share (CustomerShare), namely, the budget will be spent on the companys ratio. Data show that only the customer satisfaction is not enough. When a better product suppliers, large customers may change suppliers. Satisfaction is measured by customer expectations and feelings, and customer loyalty reflect the purchase of future actions and purchase commitments. Customer satisfaction surveys customer purchase experience of the past views and ideas, can only reflect the past and not the future acts as a reliable forecast. Loyalty survey can predict what products customers want most, and when to buy, how many of these could have purchased sales. Customer satisfaction and their actual purchase behavior is not necessarily directly linked, satisfied customers may not be able to guarantee that they will always be faithful enterprises, a repeat purchase behavior. In a "worthless customer satisfaction, customer loyalty Extreme priceless" (Cus tomer Satis faction Is Worthles s, Cus tomer Loyalty Is Priceles s) of the "customer loyalty" of the best-selling book, the author debate: "Customers satisfied with the worthless, because satisfied customers still buy the products of other enterprises. process of the transaction are satisfied with every aspect of the customer will be better because of the price of a replacement suppliers, customers and sometimes even though your products and satisfied with the service is not absolute, you have been able to lock the customer. " For example, many users of Microsoft products such as the views and dissatisfaction, but if you change the use 。

英语论文开题报告 需要写一个论文题目（中英文）以及相关资料收集情

看看这部经典包你写的好：卡萨布兰卡 CASABLANCAhttp://v.joy.cn/movie/detail/77822.htmCasablanca is a 1942 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Curtiz, starring Humphrey Bogart, Ingrid Bergman and Paul Henreid, and featuring Claude Rains, Conrad Veidt, Sydney Greenstreet and Peter Lorre. Set during World War II, it focuses on a man torn between, in the words of one character, love and virtue. He must choose between his love for a woman and helping her and her Czech Resistance leader husband escape from the Vichy-controlled Moroccan city of Casablanca to continue his fight against the Nazis.Although it was an A-list film, with established stars and first-rate writers—Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein and Howard Koch received credit for the screenplay—no one involved with its production expected Casablanca to be anything out of the ordinary;[1] it was just one of dozens of pictures produced by Hollywood every year. The film was a solid, if unspectacular, success in its initial run, rushed into release to take advantage of the publicity from the Allied invasion of North Africa a few weeks earlier.[2] Despite a changing assortment of screenwriters frantically adapting an unstaged play and barely keeping ahead of production, and Bogart attempting his first romantic lead role, Casablanca won three Academy Awards, including Best Picture. Its characters, dialogue, and music have become iconic, and Casablanca has grown in popularity to the point that it now consistently ranks near the top of lists of the greatest films of all time.。