考博英语范文有哪些？ -

Should Men and Women Be Equal? Should men and women be equal? This is a question much talked about by many people. Some hold the opinion that men are superiro to women in many ways. For one thing, many a job men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough; and for another, most of the word-famous scientists or statemen are found to be males. Moreover, the whole human society seems to have all along been dominated by men only. Isnt it evident enough to show that men are a lot stronger than women? Hence, the former should enjoy more rights than the latter. Other people, however, think quite differently on this question. They firmly believe that men and women are born equal. And women are certainly as talented as men if they are given equal opportunities of education. Isnt it a fact known to us all that women have been working side by side with men in China and elsewhere in the wordl? Like their men folks, they have been distinguishing themselves not only in research institutions, but in government bodies and other organizations as well. Personally, I am firmly standing on the side of those womens rights defenders. Since men and women are playing an equally important role in all human activities, why should not they be on an equal footing? Furthermore, from time immemorial, there have been two sex groups, namely, men and women. Our Human society could definitely not have existed or advanced without either of them. Is it wonder that men and women ought to be equal and enjoy equal rights accordingly?。

哪位高手能给一篇英语 Proposal范文？内容不限！

两篇英文proposal。

网址http://www.writing.eng.vt.edu/workbooks/proposal.samples.htmlA Proposal to Research the Storage Facilityfor Spent Nuclear Fuel at Yucca MountainRoger BloomOctober 1997Introduction Nuclear power plants produce more than 20 percent of the electricity used in the United States [Murray, 1989]. Unfortunately, nuclear fission, the process used to create this large amount energy, creates significant amounts of high level radioactive waste. More than 30,000 metric tons of nuclear waste have arisen from U.S. commercial reactors as well as high level nuclear weapons waste, such as uranium and plutonium [Roush, 1995]. Because of the build-up of this waste, some power plants will be forced to shut down. To avoid losing an important source of energy, a safe and economical place to keep this waste is necessary. This document proposes a literature review of whether Yucca Mountain is a suitable site for a nuclear waste repository. The proposed review will discuss the economical and environmental aspects of a national storage facility. This proposal includes my methods for gathering information, a schedule for completing the review, and my qualifications. Statement of Problem On January 1, 1998, the Department of Energy (DOE) must accept spent nuclear fuel from commercial plants for permanent storage [Clark, 1997]. However, the DOE is undecided on where to put this high level radioactive waste. Yucca Mountain, located in Nevada, is a proposed site. There are many questions regarding the safety of the Yucca Mountain waste repository. Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory disagree over the long-term safety of the proposed high level nuclear waste site located in Nevada. In 1994, Charles Bowman, a researcher at Los Alamos, developed a theory claiming that years of storing waste in the mountain may actually start a nuclear chain reaction and explode, similar to an atomic bomb [Taubes, 1995]. The stir caused by theory suggests that researchers have not explored all sides of the safety issue concerning potentially hazardous situations at Yucca Mountain. Bowmans theory that Yucca Mountain could explode is based upon the idea that enough waste will eventually disperse through the rock to create a critical mass. A critical mass is an amount of fissile material, such as plutonium, containing enough mass to start a neutron chain reaction [Murray, 1989]. Bowman argues that if this chain reaction were started underground, the rocks in the ground would help keep the system compressed and speed up the chain reaction [Taubes, 1995]. A chain reaction formed underground could then generate huge amounts of energy in a fraction of a second, resulting in a nuclear blast. A nuclear explosion of this magnitude would emit large amounts of radioactivity into the air and ground water. Another safety concern is the possibility of a volcanic eruption in Yucca Mountain. The long-term nuclear waste storage facility needs to remain stable for at least 10,000 years to allow the radioactive isotopes to decay to natural levels [Clark, 1997]. There are at least a dozen young volcanoes within 40 kilometers of the proposed Yucca Mountain waste site [Weiss, 1996]. The proximity of Yucca Mountain to these volcanoes makes it possible to have a volcanic eruption pass through the spent fuel waste repository. Such a volcanic eruption could release damaging amounts of radioactivity to the environment. Objectives I propose to review the available literature about using Yucca Mountain as a possible repository for spent nuclear fuel. In this review I will achieve the following two goals: (1) explain the criteria for a suitable repository of high-level radioactive waste; and (2) determine whether Yucca Mountain meets these criteria. According to the Department of Energy (DOE), a repository for high-level radioactive waste must meet several criteria including safety, location, and economics [Roush, 1995]. Safety includes not only the effect of the repository on people near the site, but also people along the transportation routes to the site. In my research I will consider both groups of people. As far as location, a waste site cannot be in an area with a large population or near a ground water supply. Also, because one of the most significant factors in determining the life span of a possible repository is how long the waste storage canisters will remain in tact, the waste site must be located in a dry climate to eliminate the moisture that can cause the waste canisters to corrode. The economics involved in selecting a site is another criterion. At present, the Department of Energy 。

英语论文的PROPOSAL怎么写啊

ProcedureThe procedure or the methodology is the heart of the proposal because it must tell the reader how you propose to carry out your project. It must convince your advisor (or in industry your manager or potential client) that you clearly understand your task, have a logical time plan for solving your problems, and have identified all the resources you need.If your proposal is for an IQP, you must take special care to explain HOW you plan to relate some aspect of science or technology to society. Note that "technology" need not be defined narrowly here: "technology" can mean the techniques used to manage or evaluate any resource efficiently, not just "nuts and bolts" hardware. But you must explain clearly how your procedure insures that the WPI IQP degree requirement will be satisfied by completing a project which defines, investigates, and reports on a topic relating science or technology to a social need or issue. In short, why is your topic an IQP?Some of the other questions the reader will expect you to answer in this section are:1. What are the tasks and sub-tasks identified to achieve your objectives? 2. What materials will you need to carry out your project: equipment? computer support? typing? graphics? others? 3. What data are needed for the project and how will they be collected? If the project requires a survey or interviews, the design of this instrument (especially the selection of participants) must be explained and justified. 4. What method or process will be used to analyze this data and where else (if anywhere) has this method or process been used? 5. What time frame do you think you will need to accomplish identified tasks or subtasks? Should schedules be presented in standard forms like PERT or Task Charts? (see Figures 1 and 2.) 6。

If you are working on a team, which teammates will accomplish which sections? 7. What costs do you anticipate the project will incur -- in other words, your budget? (A Budget Summary Request Form must be submitted to the Interdisciplinary Studies Division Office as shown in Appendix 1 for IQP Proposals. A Budget summary for an MQP Proposal should be submitted to the individual department.)。

如何从硕士论文整理出博士申请proposal

学生从导师身上可以学到敢于创新、追求真理的精神，可以学到严谨的科学态度和科学作风，而这些直接关系到研究生今后作为科学研究者能否十年如一日的潜心钻研，取得科研成果。

总之，研究生不但能从优秀导师身上继承其学术思想、科学方法及其研究风格，而且能够学到科学的洞察力和科学精神，这对于有志于从事科研的研究生来说，必将受用终生。现有的研究生教育机制是导师和研究生双向互选的制度。

而现实情况是，优秀的导师较少，而研究生相对较多。因此，为了寻找一位优秀的导师，研究生应根据自己的专业特长，兴趣爱好，再搜集相关优秀导师的介绍资料，然后主动找导师联系沟通卜要敢于毛遂自荐，推荐自己。

写一篇英语的简短的proposal

Abstract: Death and eternity are the major themes in most of Emily Dickinsons poems.“ Because I could not stop for death ”is one of her classic poems. Through the analysis, this essay clarifies infinite conceptions by the dialectical relationship between reality and imagination, the known and the unknown. And it tells whats eternity in Dicksons eyes. Keywords: death, eternity, finite, infinite Introduction Emily Dickinson(1830-1886), the American best-known female poet ,was one of the foremost authors in American literature. Emily Dickinson s poems, as well as Walt Whitmans, were considered as a part of "American renaissance"; they were regarded as pioneers of imagism. Both of them rejected custom and received wisdom and experimented with poetic style. She however differs from Whitman in a variety of ways. For one thing, Whitman seems to keep his eye on society at large; Dickinson explores the inner life of the individual. Whereas Whitman is "national" in his outlook, Dickinson is "regional" Emily Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts, on December 10,1830. She lived almost her entire life in the same town (much of it in the same house), traveled infrequently, never married, and in her last years never left the grounds of her family. So she was called "vestal of Amherst". And yet despite this narrow -- some might say -- pathologically constricted-outward experience, she was an extremely intelligent, highly sensitive, and deeply passionate person who throughout her adult life wrote poems (add up to around 2000 ) that were startlingly original in both content and technique, poems that would profoundly influence several generations of American poets and that would win her a secure position as one of the greatest poets that America has ever produced. Dickinsons simply constructed yet intensely felt, acutely intellectual writings take as their subject issues vital to humanity: the agonies and ecstasies of love, sexuality, the unfathomable nature of death, the horrors of war, God and religious belief, the importance of humor, and musings on the significance of literature, music, and art. Emily Dickinson enjoys the King James Version of the Bible, as well as authors such as English WRTERS William Shakespeare, John Milton, Charles Dickens, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, George Eliot, and Thomas Carlyle. Dickinsons early style shows the strong influence of William Shakespeare, Barrett Browning, Scottish poet Robert Browning, and English poets John Keats and George Herbert. And Dickinson read Emerson appreciatively, who became a pervasive and, in a sense, formative influence over her. As George F. Whicher notes, "Her sole function was to test the Transcendentalist ethic in its application to the inner life". 1“death” in Emily Dickinsons poets For as long as history has been recorded and probably for much longer, man has always been different idea of his own death. Even those of us who have accepted death graciously, have at least in some way, --- feared, dreaded, or attempted to delay its arrival. We have personified death-- as an evildoer dressed in all black, its presence swoops down upon us and chokes the life from us as though it were some street murder with malicious intent. But in reality, we know that death is not the chaotic grim reaper of fairy tales and mythology. Rather than being a cruel and unfair prankster of evil, death is an unavoidable and natural part of life itself. Death and immorality is the major theme in the largest portion of Emily Dickinsons poetry. Her preoccupation with these subjects amounted to an obsession so that about one third of her poems dwell on them. Dickinsons many friends died before her, and the fact that death seemed to occur often in the Amherst of the time added to her gloomy meditation. Dickinsons is not sheer depiction of death, but an emphatic one of relations between life and death, death and love, death and eternity. Death is a must-be-crossed bridge. She did not fear it, because the arrival in another world is only through the grave and the forgiveness from God is the only way to eternity.。

申请文书Research proposal怎么写

首先，先讨论最常见的SOP。

无论申请什么学校，一定都会要求SOP。这份文件通常分以下几个部份：大学时期修过课程，大学时期研究，硕班时期修过课程，硕班时期研究，课外活动，打工或工作经验，毕业后的研究经验，未来研究计划。

Statement of purpose里的研究计划大概只有一段左右。整篇statement大约为1000字上下最为常见。

Research proposal一般来说是申请博士才会需要，但是有一些硕士班申请也会要求。通常research proposal会比statementof purpose长。

依学校要求可能少则1000字，多则高达十几二十页。至于research proposal要写得多详细？有两种方式：一个是挑一个研究的方向，写得很详细，展现出现你有能力做深度的研究；另一个是挑两三个研究的主题，每一个都讨论一页左右，让学校觉得你是一个很有弹性，愿意多方学习的人。

最重要的是，一定要去学校的网站看有哪些研究者，哪些教授，这些教授最近的学生在做什么主题，他们自己又是做什么主题。你写的研究方向如果是教授几年前在做的主题，可能他现在已经没有在做了，或是做腻了，教授可能就不会特别想收你。

教授最近在做什么研究，学校的网站会给你最初步的了解，但是最重要的是看教授最近发表的paper或是书，或是他的学生发表的paper或是书是在做什么主题。 Research proposal通常还会包含一个 literature review，也就是把目前为止学者们做的研究做到哪里了，写出来。

那接下来你得说明，你赞成哪些**，不赞成哪些**，以及最重要的是，你未来的研究，跟前人的研究有什么不同，你的学术贡献在哪里？ 如果是你比较top priority想申请的学校，建议博士班申请可以将自己的研究想法，过去做过的研究成果，以及未来想走的方向写一封大约500字的email给你中意的教授。甚至如果有时间的话，可以去参加conference，遇到教授时就直接上前跟他攀谈。

如果没有conference可参加，那就直接寄信问教授是否有意愿跟你会面。 寄简短的research proposal给教授，要注意的是，不要只写：我对你的研究很有兴趣…我毕业于XX大学…我觉得你是很优秀的教授…等等这种废话。

请尽量言之有物，不要长篇大论，超过500字会让对方觉得负担很大，可能不会想看你的email。但是太短或是太废话，又会觉得你不够优秀，教授可能会不想浪费时间跟你往来通信或是跟你会面讨论你的博士计划。

以上当然是最佳的状况，也就是你对你申请的学校的program蛮了解的，你也对你未来的指导教授的研究蛮了解的。如果没有时间，或是真的还是有一点状况外，那research proposal可能写不了很深入，自己找一个主题写深入又怕教授不喜欢你的主题，不想收你。

这时候可能research proposal就得写得比较广泛一些。但是说广泛也还是得展现出你有念博班的资格。

可能可以挑三个研究方向来写，每一个都写上500-1000字，然后跟教授说你对三个都有兴趣，如果有机会的话看是否可以跟教授讨论。 最后一种为personal statement，有时是称之为personal history。

这一类的文件是我目前在修改文件时最头痛的，往往文不对题，而且只是把statement of purpose里的东西改编一下，换句话说而已。Personal statement是要让你展现出你的个人特质。

学校每年收到数百上千份文件，而且每一个人的背景都蛮优秀的，statement of purpose通常都是写你是XX大学毕业，大学做了什么研究，要蛮化也蛮难的。Personalstatement则是让你可以写出你的家庭背景，特别的经验等等。

如果讨论家庭背景，请不要写：我有爸爸，妈妈，跟一个哥哥，家庭和乐，妈妈很辛苦…之类的话。家庭背景其实要写的是，比如说，父亲是教授对你有什么启发，家境很不好对你求学之路有什么影响，原住民背景让你在求学之路有什么影响。

一般来说外国人会比较喜欢白手起家，或是很努力型的小孩。如果家境很好，请不要讲家里开公司，从小不愁吃不愁穿，所以不知道要做什么，只好申请国外的学校。

还是要着重在家里虽然蛮富裕的，父亲却很重视家庭，所以你从小就在自家公司打工，学习父亲的精神，看见父亲很辛苦，想帮忙所以想多学一些技能，希望回国后能分担父亲的劳苦。Personal statement其实有一点洒狗血，讲得很生动，很感人，或是很悲惨可能加分效果会比较好。

另外像是如果有特别的经验，像是从小就搬家到美国，不太会讲中文，夹在中国跟美国文化中间。或是曾经摆摊卖鸡排，找出该炸多久最好吃，鸡排应该定价多少最赚钱等。

或是曾经拿着吉他走唱。或是你做的youtube video超红超多人点看。

或是你很会唱歌，拿到全校卡拉OK大王。每年计算机展一定会带你的专业相机去拍show girl，波在网络上获得大家广大的回响。

不要小看人的魅力。我们觉得很正常很宅男的兴趣，外国人往往会觉得非常有趣。

再来，很多人很喜欢写的课外活动为旅行。但是如果你的所谓旅行是参加旅行团去日本或是法国这类先进国家，其实加分效果不太高。

因为华人游客给外国人印象很差，根本不是旅行，只是去拍照的。所以除非你去的国家很多很特别，或是你的旅行方式很自助很特别，或是你上山下海高空弹跳搭直升机样样来，尽量。