英语形容词总结
1.英语形容词副词的语法总结
形容词和副词 形容词 一.形容词的定义: 形容词表示人或事物的性质, 特征或状态, 修饰名词或不定代词 二.形容词在句中的作用: 作定语/作表语/作补语/作主语或宾语: the+adj表示某一类人或事物/作状语 三.关于形容词的作用要注意的问题: 1.有些形容词只能作表语和补语, 不能象普通形容词那样作前置定语, 这样的形容词称为表语形容词, 如: alive, alone, asleep, alike, afraid, awake, ashamed, able, sure, ill, worth等词; 表语形容词作定语时需后置 2.有些形容词只能作定语, 不能作表语, 这样的形容词称为定语形容词, 如: golden, wooden, silken, live(活的), elder(年长的), former前任的, latter后者, front前面的, back后面的, outer外部的 四.形容词在句中的位置: 1.单个形容词作定语时, 一般放在被修饰的名词之前; 两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时, 同种类形容词的排列顺序一般应考虑以下两种情况: ①.和被修饰的名词关系比较密切的形容词位置更靠近名词 a. It is a touching English film. ②.音节少的形容词在前, 音节多的形容词在后 a. I have a small but beautiful room. 不同种类的词同时出现在名词前作定语时, 按以下顺序进行排列: 数 词 性 状 形 容 词 冠词前的形容词 冠词,物主代词,指示代词,不定代词,所有格 序数词 基数词 性质 状态 数量 大小 长短 形状 新旧 温度 长幼 颜色 国籍 材料 来源 用途 all, both, such等 the, a, this, that another, your等 first, second, next等 one, five等 kind, good, sick等 large, long, round等 old cool等 red, blue等 Chinese English 等 iron, stone等 2.单个形容词作定语时, 在下列情况之下, 形容词应放在被修饰的词之后 ①.形容词修饰不定代词something, nothing, anything等时应后置 a. Is there anything important in the article? b. There is something difficult in the lesson. c. There is nothing wrong in your homework. ②.形容词修饰表示度量的名词应后置 a. The building is seventeen storeys high. b. He is ten years old. c. The street is five hundred meters long. ③.用and / or连接的两个形容词通常放在被修饰的名词之后, 起强调修饰语的作用 a. We will turn our motherland into a country, strong and modern. b. Every nation, big or small, has its rights. c. Power stations, large and small, have been set up all over the country. ④.有些过去分词形容词作定语时应后置, 如: given, left, won, missed等 a. None of the answers given (被给的答案) were correct. ⑤.表语形容词作定语时需后置, 如: alive, present, possible等 a. He is the greatest writer alive. b. He was the only person awake at the moment. 3.形容词短语作定语时, 需要后置 a. He is a worker worthy of praise. b. This is a problem difficult to solve. c. She is always ready to help others. 五.特殊的形容词: 有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词, 而不是副词, 这样的词如: friendly友好的, lovely可爱的, weekly每周的, orderly有秩序的, brotherly兄弟般的, lively活泼的, lonely孤独的, likely可能的, deadly致命的 副 词 一.副词的种类: 1.一般副词主要分为以下几种: ①.时间副词, 如: often, always, early, now ②.地点副词, 如: here, there, above, outside ③.方式副词, 如: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly ④.程度副词, 如: very, quite, much, still, almost 2.疑问副词(放在特殊疑问句的句首), 如: how, when, where, why 3.关系副词(放在定语从句句首), 如: when, where, why 4.连接副词(放在名词从句句首), 如: how, when, where, why, whether 二.副词在句中的作用: 副词修饰动词, 形容词, 名词, 副词或全句, 在句中的作用如下 1.作状语: a. You should always review your lessons. b. The visitors are warmly welcomed by the students. c. Certainly we should try out best to improve our work. 2.作表语: a. He is abroad. b. The class is over. c. The football match is on. 3.作定语: 副词作定语时置于被修饰词之后 a. This is her first day up. b. The comrades here give us a lot of help. 4.作补语(包括宾语补足语和主语补足语): a. I found all the lights on when I got home last night. 三.副词在句中的位置: 1.时间副词和地点副词的位置: ①.表示确定时间的副词和表示地点的副词一般放在句尾. 若句中同时有地点副词和时间副词, 地点副词通常在前, 时间副词在后 a. They went to the Summer Palace yesterday. b. We often goes there. c. I will go there tomorrow. ②.表示不确定时间的副词(如: always, usually, often, never, ever, seldom, sometimes, rarely, generally, frequently)的位置: 句子谓语是be时, 位于其后; 句子谓语是单个完全动词时, 位于其前; 句子谓语由不完全动词与完全动词一起组成时, 位于第一个不完全动词之后. a. She always helps her mother with the housework. b. The old man seldom goes out. c. He is always the first to come to class. d. They have already done their homework. 2.程度副词除enough之外, 一般放在被修饰词之前 a. The student is very careful with his work. b. He swims quite well. 。
2.初中英语形容词归纳
Aable a.abroad a & ad*absent aactive aafraid aalive aall a & pronalone aAmerican a & n*ancient aangry aanimal nanother a & pronany pron & a*Asian a & nasleep a*Atlantic n & aAustralian a & n*available a*awake aBbad (worse, worst) a*basic abeautiful abig a*bitter ablack a & nblind ablue aboring a born a both pron & a brave a bright a brown n & a busy a C careful a careless a certain a cheap a Chinese a & n clean a & v clear a clever a close v & a cloudy a cold a & n comfortable a *common a *complete a & v cool a correct v & a cotton n & a *crazy a *cruel a D *daily a, ad & n dangerous a dark a & n dead a *deaf a dear a deep a & ad delicious a different a difficult a *direct a & v dirty a double a & n dry v & a E each a & pron early a & ad east n, a & ad easy a either a , conj & ad*elder a *electric a else a empty a English n & a enough a & ad European a & n every a *everyday a excellent a expensive a F *fair a famous a *fantastic a far(farther, farthest/further, furthest) a & ad fast a & ad fat a H half a & n *handsome a happy a hard ad & a healthy a heavy a helpful a high a honest a hot a huge a human a & n *humorous a hungry a Iill aimportant a impossible a Indian a & n interesting a J Japanese n & a just a & ad K kind a L large a last a & v late a & ad lazy a left a & n light n, v & a little (less, least) a lively a lonely a long a loud a lovely a low a & ad lucky a M *mad a *magic a main a many (more, most) pron & a *medical a metal n & a modern a more a , ad & n morning n most a & ad much a N national a natural a near a necessary a neither a nervous a new a next a & ad nice a no ad & a normal a north a & n northern a O old a open a & v orange a & n other pron & a own a & v P Pacific n & a *pale a past n , a & prep patient2 a *perfect a personal a pink n & a *plain a & n plastic n & a pleasant a *polite a poor a pop = popular a popular a possible a pretty a *primary a *private a proper a proud a public a & n purple a & n Q quick a & ad quiet a R rainy a *rapid a ready a real a *recent a red a & n rich a right n & a round ad , prep & a Russian n & a S sad a safe a & n same n & a second num, a & n *separate v & a serious a several pron & a short a shy a sick a silent a silly a *similar a *simple a single a *sleepy a slow a & ad small a *smart a *smooth a snowy a *social a *soft a *solid a & n some a & pron sorry a sour a south n & a southern a *spare a special a *standard n & a strange a *strict a strong a *stupid a successful a such ad, pron & a *sudden a sunny a sure a & ad sweet n & a T tall a terrible a that a, pron & conj thick a thin a thirsty a this a & pron those a & pron tidy a *tiny a tired a *total a & n *traditional a true a U *ugly a *underground a & n used a useful a usual a V W warm a weak a welcome a well (better, best) a , ad & n west a & n western a wet a what pron & a white a & n whole a wide a windy a *wise a wonderful a *worth a wrong a X Y yellow a & n yes ad yesterday n & ad yet ad you pron young a Z favourite (Am favorite) a & n few pron & a final a fine a first num, a & ad fit a & v foreign a friendly a front a & n full a funny a G general a glad a gold n & a *golden a good ( better, best) a great a green a & n。
3.谁能总结一下英语中常用的形容词,和一般用法
形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。
她是一个好学生,她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard. 这辆自行车很贵。
This bike is expensive. 对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now. 你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting? 形容词在句中的位置: 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定,越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面,音节多的形容词放在后面。
英语单词中something, anything, nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词放在不定代词后面。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。
Is there anything interesting in the film? 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗? There is nothing dangerous here. 这儿一点都不危险。 由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。
This is the book easy to read. 这是一本容易读的书。 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。
起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每一个人,男女老少,都应该参加会议。
You can take any box away, big or small. 这些箱子,不管大小,你都可以拿走。 形容词的比较级和最高级: 绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-iest 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) difficult (原级) more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级) most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best many more most much more most bad worse worst ill worse worst badly worse worst old elder/older eldest/oldest little littler/less(er) littlest/least far farther/further farthest/furthest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不” important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 tired 累的 more tired 更累的 most tired 最累的 形容词比较级的用法 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。
也就是,含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意丛句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分,而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。 This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。 形容词最高级的用法 1. 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
(常与表范围的in , of短语连用)( 注意:of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 ) eg 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。 2)He runs fastest in our class. 在我们班他跑得最快。
3)He is the tallest of the three boys. 他是这3个男孩子中最高的。 4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ? 哪一课是最简单的呢?第一课?第二课?还是第三课? 2.形容词最高级前表示“第二、第三……”时,可在最高级前加“second , third, …”(但“第一”不能用first) eg. The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国第一长河。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 特殊用法 most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示“极,很,非常,十分”。
It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, it's most difficult. 我干不了这件事,太难了。
"The+形容词比较级。,the+形容词比较级。
表示“越。 就越。”
The more you study, the。
4.初中英语形容词归纳
Aable a.abroad a & ad*absent aactive aafraid aalive aall a & pronalone aAmerican a & n*ancient aangry aanimal nanother a & pronany pron & a*Asian a & nasleep a*Atlantic n & aAustralian a & n*available a*awake aBbad (worse, worst) a*basic abeautiful abig a*bitter ablack a & nblind ablue aboring a born a both pron & a brave a bright a brown n & a busy a C careful a careless a certain a cheap a Chinese a & n clean a & v clear a clever a close v & a cloudy a cold a & n comfortable a *common a *complete a & v cool a correct v & a cotton n & a *crazy a *cruel a D *daily a, ad & n dangerous a dark a & n dead a *deaf a dear a deep a & ad delicious a different a difficult a *direct a & v dirty a double a & n dry v & a E each a & pron early a & ad east n, a & ad easy a either a , conj & ad*elder a *electric a else a empty a English n & a enough a & ad European a & n every a *everyday a excellent a expensive a F *fair a famous a *fantastic a far(farther, farthest/further, furthest) a & ad fast a & ad fat a H half a & n *handsome a happy a hard ad & a healthy a heavy a helpful a high a honest a hot a huge a human a & n *humorous a hungry a Iill aimportant a impossible a Indian a & n interesting a J Japanese n & a just a & ad K kind a L large a last a & v late a & ad lazy a left a & n light n, v & a little (less, least) a lively a lonely a long a loud a lovely a low a & ad lucky a M *mad a *magic a main a many (more, most) pron & a *medical a metal n & a modern a more a , ad & n morning n most a & ad much a N national a natural a near a necessary a neither a nervous a new a next a & ad nice a no ad & a normal a north a & n northern a O old a open a & v orange a & n other pron & a own a & v P Pacific n & a *pale a past n , a & prep patient2 a *perfect a personal a pink n & a *plain a & n plastic n & a pleasant a *polite a poor a pop = popular a popular a possible a pretty a *primary a *private a proper a proud a public a & n purple a & n Q quick a & ad quiet a R rainy a *rapid a ready a real a *recent a red a & n rich a right n & a round ad , prep & a Russian n & a S sad a safe a & n same n & a second num, a & n *separate v & a serious a several pron & a short a shy a sick a silent a silly a *similar a *simple a single a *sleepy a slow a & ad small a *smart a *smooth a snowy a *social a *soft a *solid a & n some a & pron sorry a sour a south n & a southern a *spare a special a *standard n & a strange a *strict a strong a *stupid a successful a such ad, pron & a *sudden a sunny a sure a & ad sweet n & a T tall a terrible a that a, pron & conj thick a thin a thirsty a this a & pron those a & pron tidy a *tiny a tired a *total a & n *traditional a true a U *ugly a *underground a & n used a useful a usual a V W warm a weak a welcome a well (better, best) a , ad & n west a & n western a wet a what pron & a white a & n whole a wide a windy a *wise a wonderful a *worth a wrong a X Y yellow a & n yes ad yesterday n & ad yet ad you pron young a Z favourite (Am favorite) a & n few pron & a final a fine a first num, a & ad fit a & v foreign a friendly a front a & n full a funny a G general a glad a gold n & a *golden a good ( better, best) a great a green a & n。
5.初中英语所有的词形归纳
名词,动词,形容词,副词英语单词词性 n. 名词 v. 动词 pron. 代词 adj. 形容词 adv. 副词 num.数词 art. 冠词 prep. 介词 conj. 连词 interj. 感叹词 英语词性缩写 prep = 介系词;前置词,preposition的缩写 pron = 代名词,pronoun的缩写 n = 名词,noun的缩写 v = 动词,兼指及物动词和不及物动词,verb的缩写 conj = 连接词 ,conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词 ,auxiliary的缩写 adj = 形容词,adjective的缩写 adv = 副词,adverb的缩写 art = 冠词,article的缩写 num = 数词,numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词,interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数,plural的缩写 语气词 int. 缩写词 abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词 adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词 adv partadverbial particle(副接)副词接语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词 cn countable noun(可数)可数名词 conj conjunction(连)连接 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词 egfor example(例如)例如 esp especially(尤指)尤指 etc and the others(等)等等 ie which is to say(意即)意即 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词 inf infinitive(不定词)不定词 int interjection(感)感叹词 n noun(s) (名)名词 neg negative(ly)(否定)否定的(地) part adj participial adjective(分形)分词形容词 pers person(人称)人称 pers pron personal pronoun(人称代)人称代名词 pl plural(复)复数(的) pp past participle (过去分词)过去分词 pref prefix(字首)字首 prep preposition(al) (介词)介词,介系词,介词的 pron pronoun (代)代名词 pt past tense(过去)过去式 sb somebody(某人)某人 sing singular(单)单数(的) sth something(某事物)某物或某事 suff suffix(字尾)字尾 un uncountable noun(不可数)不可数名词 US America(n)(美)美国(的) vverb(s) (动)动词 [VP]Verb Pattern(动型)动词类型 v iverb intransitive(不及物动词)不及物动词 vt verb transitive (及物动词)及物动词 词形转换无非是动词与名词,形容词与副词,名词与形容词之间的相互转化,你只要记住它们之间的转化规则就很简单了,下面是我总结的一些,希望对你有用!!一、名词变为形容词的方法1. 在名词后面加 -y 可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。
例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky 等。注意:1) 如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加 -y。
如:sun—sunny, fun—funny 等。2) 少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉 e 再加 -y。
例如:noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加 -ful 可以变为形容词。
例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful 等。3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加 -ese, -ish 或 -n 构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。
例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian (注意 Canada—Canadian)。4. 在名词后加 -ous 变为形容词。
例如:danger—dangerous 等。5. 在名词后加 -ly 变为形容词。
例如:friend—friendly, love—lovely 等。6. 在名词后加 -less 构成含有否定意义的形容词。
例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的),hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)等。7. 一些以 -ence 结尾的名词,把 ence 改为 ent 变成形容词。
例如:difference—different, silence—silent 等。二、动词变为名词的方法1. 词形不变,词性改变。
例如:work, study, water, plant 等可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。2. 一些动词在词尾加上 -er 或 -or 之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。
例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor 等。注意:1) 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,在词尾加 -r。
例如:drive—driver, write—writer 等。2) 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 -er。
例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner 等。3. 在动词词尾加 -ing 变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。
例如: meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning 等。三、形容词变为副词的方法 一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。
例如:quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等。但是,以下几点值得注意:1. 一些以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的形容词,要把 y 改为 i 再加 -ly。
例如:happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily 等。2. 有些以 -ble 或 -le 结尾的形容词,去掉 e 加 -y。
例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly 等。3. 少数以 。