初二上册英语总结

1.【八年级上学期的英语语法总结（全部）

一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有： many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等.例如： Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天，很多人去了那儿. I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了. There're a number of students reading English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语. Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.（谓语动词用单数）很多学生都游览过长城. In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow. 冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠. 注意： many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词，many 后面要接of，表示“……中的很多”. 例如： A great many(of the) graduates have found jobs. 毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作. 二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有： much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等.例如： Is there much water in the bucket？桶里有很多水吗？ He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做. 三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有： a lot of, lots of, plenty of （以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定），a great / large quantity of （其后谓语用单数），quantities of （其后谓语用复数）.例如： There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪. There is plenty of rain here. 这儿的雨水很多. A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花. There are large quantities of food in the cupboard. 橱柜里有许多食物. 在所有这些表示“很多”的词语中many, much 是最常用的词，它们既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于疑问句和否定句.例如： Are there many people in the street？街上有很多人吗？ There isn't much time left. 剩下的时间不多了. 其它的词语都用于肯定句，日常会话中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of；正式文体中常用 a great many, a (large) number of, a great deal of, scores of 或 dozens of 等.但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等词修饰时，则必须使用 many, much.例如： The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. 无家可归的人数多达250,000人. There is too much work to do. 要做的工作太多了. 或者是这样的，你自己看下，哪Unit 1 How often do you exercise?Grammar：特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等.特殊疑问句的构成及用法：结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）疑问代词：1) Who：谁.做主语，用来指人 Who is the boy under the tree?2)Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whom are you writing to?3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily's?5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now？疑问副词：When：何时，询问时间 When will she come back?Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim's little brother?How many/much多少，询问数量 How many birds are there in the tree?How far多远，询问距离， How far is it form your home to school?How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?How often多长时间按一次，询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back？频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always. Unit 2 What's the matter with you? Grammar:1. 用have 来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病 2.情态动词should，情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?Grammar：现在进行时表将来一般将来时表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化.Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来.用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事.用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等.一.肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”I am going shopping this afternoon.二.否定句是在be之后加not. I'm not going to shopping this afternoon.三.一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon？—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I'm not./ We aren't.四.特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序.”What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping? Who are you。

2.初二上册英语语法总结

一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。

根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。

That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

例如：I hear (that) physics isn't easy.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。I don't think (that) you are right.2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时） He asked what time it was.3. 如果宾从陈述的是客观真理，时态常用一般现在时 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.语法定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

I.语序的使用分为以下五种句型结构：1）连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。

常见的连接词有： who,what,which等。如：Excuse me,could you tell me which is the way to restrooms,please？劳驾能告诉我去洗手间的路是哪一条？He doesn't know who lives over there .他不知道谁住那边2）连接词+名词+谓语。

连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose,what,which,how many,how much等。

如：He asked whose bag this was .他问这是谁的书包。I wonder how much water there is in the glass.我想知道杯里有多少水3）连接词+主语+谓语。

连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if（一般用于口语） /whether（与同音词weather；“天气”的拼写区别，写在句中不充当任何成分）等。

如：He couldn't decide if he would buy them.他不能决定是否将买他们。Could you tell me how I should come up with the problem ？你能告诉我我该怎样解决这个问题？4）连接词+名词+主语+谓语。

连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what,which,how many,how much,how等。

如：I don't know how many books he has？我不知道他有多少本书？He didn't understand which book I was looking for.他不明白我在找哪一本书。5）连接词+动词不定式（to+V 动词原形）+。

连接词可以是关系代词和关系副词，what, whose. Which,how long,whom ,who …etc.Eg:I wonder how to use the computer.我期盼怎样使用电脑。

3.人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳

最低0.27元/天开通百度文库会员，可在文库查看完整内容> 原发布者：三一图表三一文库（）/初中二年级〔英语八年级上册复习提纲[1]〕P[Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?Activities：（写出动词过去式）goonvacation去度假beonvacation度假stayathome待在家里gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海滩visitmuseums参观博物馆gotosummercamp去参观夏令营quiteafew相当多studyfor为……而学习goout出去mostofthetime大部分时间tastegood尝起来很好吃haveagoodtime玩得高兴ofcourse当然e69da5e6ba907a6431333433623133feellike给……的感觉；感受到feellikedoingsthgoshopping去购物inthepast在过去walkaround四处走走becauseof因为onebowlof…一碗……thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon继续takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下eup出来不定代词有all,each,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no,(a)few,(a)little,both,enough,every等，以及由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词（即somebody,anyone,nothing等）。

在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词none以及由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而no和every则只用作定语。复合不定代词：由some,any,no,every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。

somebody=someone某人something某物，某事anybody=anyone任何人anything什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物nobody。

4.八年级上英语语法总结全部谁知道

八年级上册学的都比较简单，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，句子成分，类型，简单句的五种基本句型，宾语从句，各种时态包括一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来时，情态动词和动词不定式等……具体内容如下—— 一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1）单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。

great （原级） greater（比较级） greatest（最高级） 2）以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide （原级） wider （比较级） widest （最高级） 3）少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。

clever（原级） cleverer（比较级） cleverest（最高级） 4）以 -y 结尾，但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉，加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy （原形） happier （比较级） happiest （最高级） 5）以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big （原级） bigger （比较级） biggest （最高级） 6）双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。

beautiful （原级）？ difficult （原级） more beautiful （比较级） more difficult （比较级） most beautiful （最高级） most difficult （最高级）不规则变化原级比较级最高级 good better best many more most much more most bad worse worst little less least ill worse worst far farther(further) farthest(furthest) deep deeper deepest tall taller tallest 形容词比较级的用法：形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，其结构形式如下：主语+谓语（系动词）+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是，含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。

注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分，而只剩下对比的成分。形容词最高级的用法：形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较，其结构形式为：主语+谓语（系动词）+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

二、句子成分1、主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。 2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。

一般可分为两类： 1），简单谓语由动词（或短语动词）构成。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

2），复合谓语：情态动词+不定式 3、表语 4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。 5、定语在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。

但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 6、状语修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。

用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。

副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。三、句子类型：1、简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。

2、复合句（Complex Sentence）由一个主句（Principal Clause）和一个或一个以上的从句（Subordinate Clause）构成。3、两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。

四、简单句的五种基本句型基本句型一： S V （主+谓）基本句型二： S V P （主+谓+表）基本句型三： S V O （主+谓+宾）基本句型四： S V o O （主+谓+间宾+直宾）基本句型五： S V O C （主+谓+宾+宾补）五、宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。

2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

初二上册学的宾从就是这些。六、时态：一. 一般现在时：（1）表示现在的状态，例如：He's twelve. (2)表示经常性的或习惯性的动作，例如：I go to school every day. (3)表示主语具备的性格和能力，例如：She likes apple.常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day等表示经常性的或习惯性的时间状语连用.1. 肯定句结构：（1）行为动词：a. 第一、二人称，复数人称： They/We/You+动词原形。

例如：They go to school every day.b.第三人称单数： He/She/It+动词-s/es… 例如：Lily often likes singing. (2)系动词（be）: I am。 They/We/You are… He/She/It is… 2.否定句结构：（1）行为动词： a. 第一、二人称，复数人称： They/We/You+。

5.初二上学期英语知识点总结

Unit 1 1. go to the movies = go to the cinema = see a film/movie 看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the Internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skateboarding 去滑板 6. (be) in good health =(be)healthy身体健康 7. keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 8. as for至于 9. take/do exercise=play/ do sports锻炼，做运动 10. eating habits 饮食习惯 11. the same as 与……相同 12. once a month一月一次 13. be different from 不同 14. twice a week一周两次 15. make a difference to 对什么有影响 16. how often 多久一次（询问频率）17. although = though虽然，尽管。

（引导让步状语从句）18. most of the students = most students大多数学生 19. activity survey活动调查 20. go shopping=do some shopping 购物 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do housework做家务 23. junk food垃圾食物 24. be good/bad for 对……有益（害） be good at 擅于，be good with 与…相处得好25. on/at weekends 在周末 26. want to do sth=would like to do sth =feel like doing sth 想要做某事 27. want sb to do sth = would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事 28. try to do sth 尽量做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事 try one's best to do sth.尽力做某事 29. come home from school放学回家 30. of course = certainly = sure当然 31. get good grades取得好成绩 32. help sb ( to )do sth 帮助某人做某事， 33. help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 34. a lot of = lots of = many / much许多，大量的35. three times a week 一周三次36. the results of …的结果37. kind of 有一点，有几分38. hardly ever 很少，几乎不Unit 2 1. have/ catch a cold = have got a cold 感冒 2.a sore back/throat 背（咽喉）痛 3. have a stomachache 胃痛 4. lie down and rest 躺下休息 5. see a/the dentist 看牙医 6. drink lots of water 多喝水 7. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 8. a good idea 好主意. 9. stressed out 筋疲力尽 10. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 11. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医医生 12. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 13. too much yin 阴气太盛 14. a balanced diet饮食平衡 15. healthy/yin/yang food 健康（阴性，阳性）食品 16. at the moment = now 此刻 17. enjoy oneself = have a good/great time = have fun = have a wonderful time 玩得高兴，过得愉快 19. host family 寄宿家庭 20. conversation practice会话练习，对话练习21. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事， like doing sth 喜欢做某事， practice doing sth. 练习做某事， mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth. 完成某事， give up doing sth. 放弃做某事， keep doing sth. 坚持做某事. can't stand doing sth.忍不住做某事 have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快即：practice, mind, finish, give up, keep, can't stand, have fun等与enjoy用法相似。22. go to bed 上床睡觉23. hope to do sth. 希望做某事24. a piece of advice 一条建议25. be popular with sb. 受…欢迎26. stay healthy 保持健康27. need to do sth. 需要做某事28. stay/keep healthy 保持健康Unit 3 1. spend time with friends和朋友们一起度过时光 2. a sports camp 运动野营 3. how about= what about ……怎么样 4. go camping 去野营， go shopping 去买东西， go swimming 去游泳， go boating去划船， go skating 去溜冰， go walking去散步， go climbing 去登山， go dancing去跳舞， go hiking 去徒步远足， go sightseeing 去观光， go bike riding 骑自行车旅行， go fishing 去钓鱼 5. do some shopping 买东西， do some washing 洗衣服， do some cooking 作饭， do some reading读书， do some speaking训练口语 6. how long 1）多长时间（询问动作在时间上所延续的长度） 2）多长（询问事物的长度） 7. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看 give me the book=give the book to me 给我书， pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我， sell me the house=sell the house to me把房子卖给我 buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书， make me a cake=make a cake for me给我做蛋糕 8. get back=come back回来 9. take walks=go for walks散步 10. think about 考虑 11. decide on= decide upon 决定/计划 12. something different 不同的事情 13. a great/exciting vacation 愉快的（令人激动的）假期 14. can't wait to do sth. 等不及做某事 15. a famous movie star 著名的影星 16. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 17. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事Unit 4 1. get to school = arrive at/ reach school 到校 2. a bus stop公共汽车站， a train/ subway station火车（地铁站）站， a bus station客运站， a TV station 电视台 3. take the subway 乘地铁 4. ride a bike 骑自行车 5. take the/a bus乘公共汽车 6. want to do sth.想做某事 7. take a taxi乘坐出租车 8. walk to school 步行上学 9. go in one's car 坐（某人的）车 10. in North America 在北美 11. by bike/ bus/ subway/ car/ train乘坐……车 12. in other parts of the world在世界的其他地区 13. have a quick breakfast迅速吃早饭 14. depend on=d。

6.初二上册英语语法总结

新目标八年级（上）英语复习提纲Unit 1: How often do you exercise？【语言目标】What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beachHow often do you eat vegetables? Every day. Most students do homework every day. 【应掌握的词组】1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次13. twice a week一周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响 15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though虽然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do house work做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for对什么有害27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家31. of course = certainly = sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不35. keep/be in good health保持健康 36.be stressed紧张的，有压力的37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回来【应掌握的句子】1. How often do you exercise？你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？ How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.？疑问词how often是问频率（多久一次），（在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times…， sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。

2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。”第一个do为助动词，在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。

3. “What's your favorite program?” “It's Animal World.” “你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。”4. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for。

意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。

6. She says it's good for my health.be good for。表示“对……有益（有好处）”；其反义为：be bad for。

（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）7. How many hours do you sleep every night?8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good . pretty相当于very 。

10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? =Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from … 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy16. You must try to eat less meat . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思，less是little的比较级17. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。

sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得），get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。Unit 2 What's the matter？【语言目标】What's the matter? I have a headache.You should drink some tea. The sounds like a good idea.I have a sore back. That's too bad . I hope you feel better soon. 【应掌握的词组】1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进 4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach5. What's the matter？怎么了？ = What's the trouble (with you)? = What's your trouble?= What's wrong (with you)? = What' the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you? = Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what's up?6. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息 8. see a 。

7.初二上学期英语总结要英语的

新目标英语八年级上笔记unit1-6:I. language goals （语言目标） 1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率。

2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions. 谈论健康话题以及提出建议。 3. Talk about future plans. 谈论未来的计划/打算。

4. Talk about how to get to places. 谈论到达某地的方式。 5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons. 学会发出，接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因。

6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们。 II. Key Phrases （重点短语）： 1. how often 多长时间一次 2. junk food 垃圾食品 3. a lot of 许多 4. hardly ever 很少 5. start with 以…开始 6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事 7. look after 照料 8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康 9. once a day 一天一次 10. twice a month 一个月两次 11. be good for 对…有好处 12. once in a while 偶尔 13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医 14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧 15. have a stomachache 肚子疼 16. have a toothache 牙疼 17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼 18. lie down and rest 躺下休息 19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 20. be stressed out 紧张 21. listen to … 听… 22. get tired 变的疲劳 23. keep healthy 保持健康 24. at the moment 此刻；目前 25. watch TV 看电视 26. play basketball 打篮球 27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹 28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友 29. relax at home 在家放松 30. sports camp 运动野营 31. something interesting 32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing 去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光 33. go away 离开 34. get back to school 返回学校 35. stay for a week 呆一个星期 36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风 37. takes walks 散步 38. rent videos 租录像带 39. sleep a lot 睡得多 40. think about 考虑 41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane 乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机 42. get to 到达 43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船 44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站 45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行 46. ride a bike 骑自行车 47. bus stop 公共汽车站 48. on foot 步行 49. leave for 离开去… 50. school bus 学校班车 51. the early bus 早班车 52. be different from 与…不同 53. half past six 六点半 54. in North America 在北美洲 55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐 56. need to do 需要做… 57. more than 多于 58. play soccer 踢足球 59. baseball game 棒球比赛 60. school team 校队 61. come over to 过来到… 62. the day after tomorrow 后天 63. be good at 擅长于… 64. two years ago 两年前 65. be outgoing 外向的 66. all the time 一直 67. in some ways 在一些方面 68. look the same 看起来一样 69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话 70. make me laugh 使我笑。

8.初二上册英语重点归纳

八年级上册英语重点总结Module 1一、语法 1. Why don't you do 。

？提建 2. Why not do 。 ? Thanks！议的 3. You should (shouldn't) do 。

. 回答 Good！表达 4. It's a good idea to do 。 . Excellent！方式 5. Try (not) to do 。

. 6. How about/ What about doing 。？二、重点句子1. You should speak English in class.2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.3. Why don't you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?5. Try not to translate every word.6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.7. It's a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.Module 2~4现在完成时：1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了一定的影响和后果；2. 结构：由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成；肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)+过去分词”。

注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

回答：Yes， … have(has).No， … haven't(hasn't).否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+过去分词”。3. 现在完成时的时间状语：already, just, yet, since, ever, never;4. 与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生，而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响和后果。

5.一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, just now， …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。例：We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.I have sent (send) the letter.He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.David finished (finish) his homework just now.The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.A: I have lost (lose) my purse!B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it?A: I lost (lose) it last night.与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet, never肯定句： already, just疑问句和否定句： ever, yet, neveryet 常置于句末already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前.例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .4) He has already visited Beijing twice.5) I have just heard the news. I know it.7. 现在完成时中的for和since(1)for + 一段时间（用How long提问）We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识10年了。

（2）since + 句子/具体时间since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问①since+过去一个时间点（具体的年、月、日、钟点等）。Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.②since + 一段时间+agoWe have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起，我们就成了朋友。

③since+从句，表示“自过去某个时间、某件事情以来”，从句时态：一般过去时。I have lived here since I left Shanghai.④It is+一段时间+since从句，表示“自从某件事发生已有一段时间了”。

It is two years since I left school.8. 在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。非延续性动词不能直接和for或since 连用。

leave --- be away die --- be deadbegin/start --- be on finish --- be overcome here --- be here go there --- be therecome back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleepget to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away fromgo (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth openjoin --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构fall ill --- be ill get up --- be upcatch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keepbuy --- have get to know --- knowput on---wear例：1. The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.2. It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died.3. He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.4. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.Module 5反意疑问句：用于对某一事物或观点没有确切的把握，或者用于加强自己的观点。陈述句+简短的一般疑问句 [助动词/be动词/情态动词+代词]肯定或否定与陈述句的主语一致肯定否定否定肯定注意：1. 反问部分的be动词，助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。

2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。3. 陈述句部分如果为否定句或含有否定意义的词（如：nothing,never, little, few等），反问句要用肯定式；陈述句部分如果式肯定句，反问部分要用否定式。

例：He was not at home at that time, was he?May listens to pops everyday, doesn't she?We know nothing about him, do we?You haven't heard of him, have you?4. 当句子为祈使句时，反问句一般用will you，表示请求或建议对方作某事，询问对方是否愿意。注：当祈使句为“Let's 。”

结构时，用shall we 反问。Drive more slowly, will you?Let's walk out of th。