初二英语语法知识重点总结

初二英语语法知识重点总结一、知识强化1.掌握本单元的重点词汇及句型。

2.谈论最好做某事和正确做某事，培养提高自己的交际能力。3.正确使用should和ought to。

二、重难点知识讲解1.First, we decided to elect the chief editor. 首先我们决定选出主编。decide 动词，意为“决定”，常用结构：decide (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事decide on doing sth 决定做某事decide + 疑问代词/副词+不定式 决定……decide+从句 决定……e.g.I decided to go to Beijing on Monday.我决定星期一去北京。

He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已决定下周去旅行。He decided when to go to Beijing.他已经决定了什么时候去北京。

We decided that we didnt take part in the basketball match.我们决定不参加篮球比赛。2.We should choose Joyce because she has experience.我们应该选乔伊斯因为她很有经验。

（1）experience n. 经验；经历①经验（不可数名词）e.g.He is a math teacher with 5 years experience.他是一名有五年工作经验的数学老师。②经历（可数名词）e.g.It was a strange experience.真是一次奇特的经历。

Please tell us your experiences in America.请你告诉我们你在美洲的经历。（2）experience v. 体验；经历e.g.Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.我国在过去三十年经历了巨大变化。

3.Then we all voted for her. 然后我们都投票赞成（选乔伊斯为主编）。vote for sb. 意为“投票赞成某人”。

e.g.I shall vote for Ben because he has experience.我将投票选本因为他有经验。Vote for Johnson—the peoples friend！请投约翰逊一票——他是人民的支持者。

vote against 意为“投票反对”。e.g.People vote against Henry.人们投票反对亨利。

4.Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. 于是，乔伊斯主持会议。take charge of意为“主管，主持；负责”。

e.g.Who will take charge of the meeting？谁将主持这次会议？She took charge of the family business after her father died.父亲去世后，家务事全由她负责。The department was badly organized until she took charge(of it).这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。

5.Then the others voted for me. 于是其他人投票选我。句中的the others指参加会议的除我以外的所有人即：Lucy, Joyce, Tony和Jessica。

辨析：other, the other, the others与another(1)other表示“其他的”，表示泛指，没有特定的范围。e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷锋总是帮助别人。

（指其他的任何人）（2）the other意为“另一个”，一般用于两者之间。其句型为：one…the other…一个……另一个……e.g.The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有两个儿子，一个是士兵，另一个是工人。

注意：the other和other后均可加名词，但意思有所不同，“the other+名词”表示一定范围内除一部分外其余的全部，而“other+名词”表示除去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。（3）the others 特指一定范围内的其余的全部人或事物。

e.g.I have three pencils. One is long, and the others are short.我有三支铅笔，一支是长的，另外（两个）是短的。（代词）（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一个，意为“再一；又一”。

e.g.Would you like another cup of tea？你还要一杯茶吗？6.You will be responsible for different sections of the paper.你们将负责报纸的不同部分。be responsible for意为“对……负责”。

e.g.Who is responsible for breaking the mirror？镜子是谁打破的？The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负责。7.Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it？读者应免费阅读还是花钱购买呢？辨析：pay, spend, cost与take四个单词都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

（1）pay的基本用法是：①pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买某物。e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们20英镑的房租。

②pay for sth. 付某物的钱e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不赔偿丢失的书款。③pay for sb. 替某人付钱e.g.Dont worry! Ill pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。

（2）spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：①spend time/ money on sth. 在某物上花费时间/ 金钱。e.g.I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。

②spend time/ money(in)doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事。e.g.They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

（3）cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见的用法如下：①“sth. cost (sb.)+金钱”表示“某物花了（某人）多少钱”。e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

②“（doing）sth. cost(sb.)+时间”表示“（做某事）某物花了（某人）多少时间”e.g.Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的时间才记住了这些新单词。（4）take 常见的用法有以下几种：①“It takes/took sb.+时间+ to do sth. ”表示“做某事花了某人多少时间”。

e。.。

人教版初一到初二英语书上的主要语法和知识点

【精萃】新目标英语知识点总结及练习七年级上【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about…？3. Lets do sth.4. Its time to do sth.5. Its time for …6. Whats…？ It is…/ Its…7. Where is…？ Its….8. How old are you? Im….9. What class are you in? Im in….10. Welcome to….11. Whats …plus…？ Its….12. I think…13. Whos this? This is….14. What can you see? I can see….15. There is (are) ….16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyre)…17. Whose …is this? Its….18. What time is it? Its….III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? Im fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! Youre welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. Whats your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Whos on duty today?11. Lets do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法.【名师讲解】1. in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上.例如： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟. There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图.2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式.that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式.例如： You look in this box and Ill look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子. I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆. Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去. This is mine; thats yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的. These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子. （2）在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方.例如： This is Mary speaking. Whos that？ 我是玛丽.你是谁？3. There be/ haveThere be "有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物."其结构是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语.There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are.例如：（1） There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐.（2） There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃.（3） There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果.总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有".have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物（sb. have / has sth.）.主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系.例如：（4） I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐.（5） That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间.4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意.，如：Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏.Look! Whats that over there？ 看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：Hes looking at me.他正在看着我.（2）see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语.如：What can you see in the picture？ 你能在图上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it？看黑板！你看到了什么？（3）watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等.如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛.4. put on/ / in put on意为“穿上，戴上”.主要指“穿上”这一动作， 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词.in 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态.在句中可以做定语、标语和状语.如：Its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣.He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去.The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈.5. house/ home/familyhouse ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物； Home： “家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方； Family： “家庭“，“家庭成员”.例如：Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来.He is not at home. 他不在家.My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早.6. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语.主要区别在于： （1） fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，。

人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳

初二英语知识点复习（总结版） 1. take ： 拿走 take sb. / sth. to someplace; take sth. with you bring： 带来 bring sth for a picnic Its going to rain, please take an umbrella with you. Youd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow. 2. keep + 名词 + 形容词 Keep the windows open, its hot here. keep sb doing sth Im sorry Ive kept you waiting for a long time. keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用： How long can I keep this book? 3. let / make / have sb do sth 让（使）某人干某事 Lets go to the zoo! How did he make the baby stop crying? 4. forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 remember to do sth 记得去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 5. stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事情 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 Lets stop to have a test, its too hot today. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away. begin / start to do sth 6. tell / ask sb to do sth 否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous. Our P.E. teacher told us a story yesterday. 7. see / hear / watch sb do sth see / hear / watch sb doing sth I heard him singing in the room when I passed by. 8. enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ; enjoy oneself = have a good time Our classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves. 9. be busy with sth ; be busy doing sth They are all busy with their work. 10. finish doing sth. Tom didnt go to bed until he finished writing the composition. 11. want sth / to do sth / sb to do sth would like sth / to do sth / sb to do sth feel like doing sth. He didnt feel like eating anything. 12. had better do sth 否定形式： had better not do sth Youd better not sing here, the baby is asleep. 13. Why not do sth ? = why dont you do sth ? = Why didnt you do sth ? Why not come with me? 14. What about sth / what about doing sth ? = How about -----? How about playing basketball with us? 15. Thank you for sth / Thanks for doing sth. Thanks for your help. ------------ Its a pleasure. Thanks very much for helping me. 16. instead往往放在句首或句尾 instead of sth / instead of doing sth. 通常放中间 He didnt go to the park. He went to the cinema instead. He went to the cinema instead of going to the park.. 17. put on 强调动作 wear 强调状态 in 介词，构成一个短词 Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because well do some cleaning. Kate is wearing a red sweater today. The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li 18. 在if 引导的 、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的 ， 当主句是： 态、含 或 的情况下，从句用 表示将来时。

Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow. it doesnt rain = it isnt rainy Ill tell her the good news as soon as I see her. 同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型 I wont go to bed until I finish my homework. 19. 在以when 引导的时间 ， 当从句是 态时，主句往往用 ，表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作： They were having supper when I got to their home. 20. Its time for sth / Its time to do sth / Its time for sb to do sth. Its time for us to start our lesson now. 21. It takes / It took / It will take somebody some time to . It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning. It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework. 22. it 作 或 ，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的 ： Its necessary to learn English well. We found it difficult to work out the maths problems. 23. too ---- to 句型， too ---- for sb to do sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能----- The apples on the tree are too high for me to reach. Kate is too young to go to school. 24. enough 用法：形前名后， big enough ; enough food ----- enough to do sth 足够-------能够------- Jim is old enough to go to school. 25. little , a little 修饰 ； much 修饰不可数 few a few 修饰可数名词； many 修饰可数 a little a few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义 some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词； There is a little time left, . Wed better go shopping ,there are few eggs left. Mr. Little doesnt have much money. （ 中常用much而不用a lot of ） 26. much too 中心词是too， 常修饰形容词， Its much too cold today, we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much， 常修饰不可数名词， Theres too much water, please be careful.. 27. 有关情态动词的问答： May I ------? No, you cant. No, you mustnt. Must I / we -----? No, you neednt. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力 Could you help me ? Could she swim when she was four years old？ 要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强调主观， have to 强调客观 要。

八年级英语知识点总结

重点句型和短语 一、 have fun doing sth. 【句型介绍】 意为"做某事有乐趣"，其中have fun 相当于enjoy oneself，表示过得愉快。

1. 英语中的集体名词，如family, class, team等作主语时，若作为一个整体看，其后的谓语动词用单数；若强调其组成成员，谓语动词用复数。如： My family is a happy one. 我家是个幸福的家庭。

My family are all watching TV. 我们全家人都在看电视。 2. 在比较级中，要注意than后面人称代词的格。

1）当句子中的谓语动词是不及物动词时，than后面的代词用主格还是宾格，在意思上通常没有区别。如： He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。

They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他们每天都比我们到校早。 2）当句中的谓语动词是及物动词时，than后面的人称代词用主格还是宾格在意思上就有差别了。

试比较： I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜欢你。 I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比，我更喜欢你。

3. 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，一般指一个还没有发生的动作。如： Do you have anything to say about this？ 有关这件事你有没有什么要说的？ 4. 在比较句型中，than后面的谓语动词常常省略。

也可以用相应的助动词来代替与前面相同的谓语动词，以避免重复。如： Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 汤姆功课比我好。

She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早饭吃得比我少。 5. Youd better 。

是You had better 。 的缩写形式。

had better 为固定短语，意为"最好。

"，后接动词原形，常用来提出建议或劝告，其否定形式是"had better not + 动词原形"。如： Youd better not stay there too long. 你最好别在那里呆得太久。

We had fun playing computer games. 我们玩电脑游戏很愉快。 【句式比较】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有乐趣 Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country？ 访问那个国家你们快乐吗？ 【特别提醒】 句中fun为不可数名词，表乐趣，前面不能加不定冠词。

二、 But I dont know what to do. 【句型介绍】 疑问词 + 不定式可作主语、宾语或表语。 I dont know how to get her help. 我不知道怎样才能得到她的帮助。

Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪儿购买这种种子。 My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的问题是什么时候去东京。

【句式比较】 疑问词 + 不定式可转换成连词（原疑问词）引导的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。 I dont know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪儿能找到她。

How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎么去那里还是一个谜。 Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的问题是她怎样才能通过这次考试。

【特别提醒】 疑问词 + 不定式转换成宾语从句时应用陈述语序。 三、 This is 。

speaking. 【句型介绍】 该句为打电话用语，用来进行自我介绍，This代表我，speaking可以省去。 Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 你好，我是汤姆。

【句式比较】 Who is that (speaking)？ 你是谁？that用来询问对方是谁，speaking可以省去。 Is that 。

(speaking)？ 你是。

吗？that也用来询问对方是谁， speaking也可以省去。 This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)？ 我是玛丽，你是谁？ Is that Jane (speaking)？ 你是詹妮吗？ 【特别提醒】 this不能换成I, that不能换成you。

四、 hear sb. / sth. doing 【句型介绍】 意为"听见某人 / 物正在做。

"，句中doing为现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，强调一个过程。 Just then I heard someone crying "Help! Help！" 就在那时，我听见有人在喊"救命啊！救命！" 【句式比较】 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 听见某人 / 物做某事，句中do为不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表动作已经结束，强调一个结果。

I heard him sing three songs. 我听见他唱了三首歌。 hear sb. / sth. done听见某人 / 物被。

。，done为动词的过去分词作宾语补足语，强调被动。

Do you often hear this song sung by him？ 你经常听见他唱这首歌吗？ 【特别提醒】 在这些句型中的hear可换成see, feel, watch等感官动词。 初二1-7单元重点短语 作者：王宣玲 一、 名词短语 a waste of time 浪费（白费）时间 field trip 野外旅游 the day after tomorrow后天 Terra Cotta Warriors 兵马俑 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 on Mid-autumn Day / Festival 在中秋节 二、 动词短语 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go on a picnic 去野餐 trip over （被。

。）绊倒 hurry up 赶快 get home 回家 get together 相聚 agree with 。

同意。

意见（想法）；符合 ask for 请求；询问 come up 走近；发生；上来；流行 come over 过来；抓住 三、 介、副词短语 in the open air 在户外；在野外 on time 准时 at the front / back of 在前 / 后面 in front of 在。

前面 in the country 在乡下 in town 在城里 on the left /right side 在左 / 右边 up and down 上上下下；来来回回 四、 其它短语 （not） 。 any more再也不；不能再。

。 。

初中英语知识点总结能归纳下初一到初三的语法和重要的地方.因为以前

. 一般现在时的用法 1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用. 时间状语： every…， sometimes, at…， on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实. The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3） 表示格言或警句中. Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败. 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时. 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性. I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作.再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时. 2. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态. 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等. Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作. When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了. It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了. would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事 Id rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等. I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些. 比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在. Christine was an invalid all her life. （含义：她已不在人间.） Christine has been an invalid all her life. （含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （ 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气. 1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等. Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? 3. used to / be used to used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在. Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. （过去常常散步） be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词. He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.（现在习惯于散步） 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- Its 69568442. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时. 4. 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替. will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称. Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来. a. 主语的意图，即将做某事. What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事. The play is going to be produced next month. c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事. We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事. He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用. 5. be going to / will 用于条件句时， be going to 表将来 will 表意愿 If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it a s soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 6. be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. be going to 表示主观的打算或计划. I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排） Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. （主观安排） 7. 一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来.这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情. The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3）在时间或条件句中. When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后. I hope they have a nice time next week. Make 。

人教版初二英语上册知识点

初二英语知识点复习（总结版）1.take ： 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with you bring： 带来bring sth for a picnicIts going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.Youd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2.keep + 名词 + 形容词Keep the windows open, its hot here.keep sb doing sthIm sorry Ive kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?3.let / make / have sb do sth让（使）某人干某事Lets go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4.forget to do sth忘记去做某事 remember to do sth记得去做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember doing sth记得做过某事5.stop to do sth停下来做另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事Lets stop to have a test, its too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.begin / startto do sth 6.tell / ask sb to do sth否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.Our P.E. teacher told us a storyyesterday.7.see / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed by.8.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.9.be busy with sth;be busy doing sthThey are all busy with their work.10.finish doing sth.Tom didnt go to bed until he finished writing the composition.11.wantsth/to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing sth.He didnt feel like eating anything.12.had better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYoud better not sing here, the baby is asleep.13.Why not do sth ?=why dont you do sth ?=Why didnt you do sth ?Why not come with me?14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----?How about playing basketball with us?15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth.Thanks for your help.------------Its a pleasure.Thanks very much for helping me.16.instead往往放在句首或句尾instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中间He didnt go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..17.put on 强调动作wear 强调状态in 介词，构成一个短词Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because well do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句， 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。

Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.it doesnt rain=it isnt rainyIll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型I wont go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引导的时间状语从句， 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时，表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作：They were having supper when I got to their home.20.Its time for sth /Its time to do sth /Its time for sb to do sth.Its time for us to start our lesson now.21.It takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do something.It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.22.it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式：Its necessary to learn English well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.23.too ----to 句型，too ---- for sb todo sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能-----The apples on thetreeare too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.24.enough 用法：形前名后， big enough;enough food----- enough to do sth足够-------能够-------Jim is old enough to go to school. 25.little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ；much 修饰不可数few a few 修饰可数名词；many 修饰可数a littlea few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词；Thereis a little time left, take it easy.Wed better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.Mr. Little doesnt have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）26.much too 中心词是too， 常修饰形容词， Its much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much， 常修饰不可数名词， Theres too much water,please be careful..27.有关情态动词的问答：May I ------?No, you cant.No, you mustnt.Must I /we-----?No, you neednt. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old？要注意must 和have to 的区。

初一至初二英语知识点,语法点（仁爱版）

11. 动词的时态 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用.时间状语： every…， sometimes, at…， on Sunday.例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家. 2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实.例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部. 3） 表示格言或警句.例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败. 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时. 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的. 4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性.例如： I dont want so much. 我不要那么多. Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子. I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时. 返回动词的时态目录 11.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.例如： Where did you go just now？ 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作.例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎. 3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了".例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了. It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了. would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事.例如：Id rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在.例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些. 比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间.） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气. 1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等.例如： Did you want anything else？ 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下. 2）情态动词 could, would.例如： Could you lend me your bike？ 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？ 返回动词的时态目录 11.3 used to / be used to used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在.例如： Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘. Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步. be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词.例如： He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了. 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- Its 69568442. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时. 返回动词的时态目录 11.4 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替.will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称.例如： Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening？ 今晚七点回家好吗？ 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来. a. 主语的意图，即将做某事.例如：What are you going to do tomorrow？ 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事.例如：The play is going to be produced next month.这出戏下月开播. c. 有迹象要发生的事.例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了. 3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事.例如： We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告. 4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事.例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京. 注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用. 返回动词的时态目录 11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿.例如： If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 返回动词的时态目录 11.6 be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受。

八年级人教版上册英语知识点总结

1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力（被动语态）：be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近：be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有 5. access(to) （不可数名词） 能接近，进入，了解 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地， 7. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ，主动地 8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of ones accord with 同….不一致 9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据 11. on ones own account 1） 为了某人的缘故， 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账； on account of 因为； on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有…..重要性. 12. take…into account(=consider)把。

考虑进去 13. give sb. an account of 说明， 解释 （理由） 14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明. 15. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为. 16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装） 17. accuse…of…（=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about） 指控，控告 18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解； （=to have met socially） 熟悉 19. act on 奉行，按照…行动； act as 扮演； act for 代理 20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 21. adapt…（for） (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写（以适应新的需要） 22. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之 23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附； 坚持， 遵循 25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的， 临近的 26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节； 适应； 27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地. 28. in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先. 29. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地. 30. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 32. agree with 赞同（某人意见） agree to 同意 33. in agreement (with) 同意， 一致 34. ahead of 在…之前， 超过…；……………. ahead of time 提前. 35. in the air 1）不肯定， 不具体. 2）在谣传中. 36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是， 最重要的. 37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共， 总计 38. after all 毕竟，到底； （not） at all 一点也不； all at once(=suddenly)突然； once and for all 只此一次； above all 最重要的； first of all 首先； all in all 大体上说； be all in 累极了； all but 几乎. 39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到， 估计到. 40. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于. 41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责. 42. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合. 43. be anxious about 为…焦急不安； 或anxious for 44. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉 45. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 46. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ； apply for申请； apply to 适用. 47. apply to 与…有关；适用 48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准 49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起. 50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 51. arrive on 到达； arrive at 到达某地（小地方）；得出，作出； arrive in 到达某地（大地方）； 52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻 53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证， 使…确信. 54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚， 系 ，结 55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做… 56. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顾；attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料 57. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法 58. attribute…to…（=to believe sth. to be the result of…）把..归因于..， 认为..是..的结果 59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道. 61. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面 62. in the back of 在…后部（里面）； on the back of 在…后部（外面）； be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 63. at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护； have sb. at ones back 有…支持， 有…作后台 64. turn on。